Implementing the 27 PRISMA 2020 Statement items for systematic reviews in the sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports science fields: the PERSiST (implementing Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science) guidance

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Abstract

Poor reporting of medical and healthcare systematic reviews is a problem from which the sports and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports science fields are not immune. Transparent, accurate and comprehensive systematic review reporting helps researchers replicate methods, readers understand what was done and why, and clinicians and policy-makers implement results in practice. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement and its accompanying Explanation and Elaboration document provide general reporting examples for systematic reviews of healthcare interventions. However, implementation guidance for sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports science does not exist. The Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science (PERSiST) guidance attempts to address this problem. Nineteen content experts collaborated with three methods experts to identify examples of exemplary reporting in systematic reviews in sport and exercise medicine (including physical activity), musculoskeletal rehabilitation (including physiotherapy), and sports science, for each of the PRISMA 2020 Statement items. PERSiST aims to help: (1) systematic reviewers improve the transparency and reporting of systematic reviews and (2) journal editors and peer reviewers make informed decisions about systematic review reporting quality.

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The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

Matthew J L Page, Joanne E McKenzie, Patrick Bossuyt … (2024)

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found. Over the past decade, advances in systematic review methodology and terminology have necessitated an update to the guideline. The PRISMA 2020 statement replaces the 2009 statement and includes new reporting guidance that reflects advances in methods to identify, select, appraise, and synthesise studies. The structure and presentation of the items have been modified to facilitate implementation. In this article, we present the PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist, an expanded checklist that details reporting recommendations for each item, the PRISMA 2020 abstract checklist, and the revised flow diagrams for original and updated reviews.

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PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

Adrian Aldcroft, Chantelle Garritty, Simon Lewin … (2018)

Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.

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Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement

David Moher, Larissa Shamseer, Mike Clarke … (2017)

Systematic reviews should build on a protocol that describes the rationale, hypothesis, and planned methods of the review; few reviews report whether a protocol exists. Detailed, well-described protocols can facilitate the understanding and appraisal of the review methods, as well as the detection of modifications to methods and selective reporting in completed reviews. We describe the development of a reporting guideline, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). PRISMA-P consists of a 17-item checklist intended to facilitate the preparation and reporting of a robust protocol for the systematic review. Funders and those commissioning reviews might consider mandating the use of the checklist to facilitate the submission of relevant protocol information in funding applications. Similarly, peer reviewers and editors can use the guidance to gauge the completeness and transparency of a systematic review protocol submitted for publication in a journal or other medium.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Br J Sports Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Br J Sports Med

Journal ID (hwp): bjsports

Journal ID (publisher-id): bjsm

Title: British Journal of Sports Medicine

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )

ISSN (Print): 0306-3674

ISSN (Electronic): 1473-0480

Publication date (Print): February 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 8 October 2021

Volume: 56

Issue: 4

Pages: 175-195

Affiliations

[1 ] departmentMusculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center , Sophiahemmet University , Stockholm, Sweden

[2 ] departmentSport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre , La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

[3 ] departmentDepartment of Family Practice , University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

[4 ] departmentSchool of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science , University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland

[5 ] departmentClinical Research , Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence , Porto, Portugal

[6 ] Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal

[7 ] departmentAspetar Sports Groin Pain Centre , Aspetar Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha, Qatar

[8 ] departmentDepartment of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine , Erasmus MC University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands

[9 ] Sport Medicine and Exercise Clinic Haarlem (SBK) , Haarlem, The Netherlands

[10 ] departmentCentre for Hip Health and Mobility , University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

[11 ] departmentSMI, Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark

[12 ] departmentCenter for General Practice , Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark

[13 ] departmentFaculty of Health , University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

[14 ] departmentSports Medicine , Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha, Qatar

[15 ] departmentDepartment for Continuing Education , University of Oxford , Oxford, UK

[16 ] departmentInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney School of Public Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

[17 ] departmentAcademic Center for Evidence Based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands

[18 ] departmentCharles Perkins Centre, School of Health Sciences , University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

[19 ] departmentUniversity of Queensland School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences: Physiotherapy , The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

[20 ] departmentDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine , The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

[21 ] Arthritis Research Canada , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

[22 ] departmentDoctor of Physical Therapy Program, Tufts University School of Medicine , Tufts University , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

[23 ] departmentSchool of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Public Health , Queen's University , Belfast, UK

[24 ] departmentCentre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program , Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

[25 ] departmentSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

[26 ] departmentSchool of Kinesiology , University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

[27 ] Canadian Institutes of Health Research-Institute of Musculoskeletal Health , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Author notes

[Correspondence to ] Dr Clare L Ardern, Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; c.ardern@ 123456latrobe.edu.au

Author information

Clare L Ardern http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-3631

Fionn Büttner http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-3063

Renato Andrade http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-7816

Adam Weir http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-662X

Maureen C Ashe http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6820-4435

Sinead Holden http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-2152

Franco M Impellizzeri http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1703-2573

Eamonn Delahunt http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5449-5932

H Paul Dijkstra http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-1357

Stephanie Mathieson http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-8842

Catherine Sherrington http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-4368

Emmanuel Stamatakis http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-3225

Bill Vicenzino http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0253-5933

Jackie L Whittaker http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-4976

Alexis A Wright http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8429-0775

Mike Clarke http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-7257

Karim M Khan http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-0258

Marinus Winters http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5742-7441

Article

Publisher ID: bjsports-2021-103987

DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-103987

PMC ID: 8862073

PubMed ID: 34625401

SO-VID: f13e2ef3-cd00-48ae-a506-e5996abafe45

License:

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

History

Date accepted : 17 August 2021

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Sports medicine

Keywords: meta-analysis,evaluation,implementation,methodology

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Sports medicine

Keywords: meta-analysis, evaluation, implementation, methodology

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Implementing the 27 PRISMA 2020 Statement items for systematic reviews in the sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports science fields: the PERSiST (implementing Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport medicine and SporTs science) guidance

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Most cited references 87

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement

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