[1
]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9377, GRID grid.10548.38, Department of Geological Sciences, , Stockholm University, ; Stockholm, Sweden
[2
]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9377, GRID grid.10548.38, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, , Stockholm University, ; 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
[3
]ISNI 0000 0001 2192 7145, GRID grid.167436.1, Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, , University of New Hampshire, ; Durham, NH USA
[4
]National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, Sgonico, Italy
[5
]ISNI 0000 0004 1937 0247, GRID grid.5841.8, CRG Marine Geosciences, Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, , University of Barcelona, ; Barcelona, Spain
[6
]ISNI 0000 0001 0668 7243, GRID grid.266093.8, Department of Earth System Science, , University of California, ; Irvine, CA USA
[7
]ISNI 0000 0001 1033 7684, GRID grid.10894.34, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, ; Bremerhaven, Germany
[8
]Access Arctic, Le Vieux Marigny, France
[9
]ISNI 0000 0001 2206 1080, GRID grid.175455.7, Geophysical Institute, , University of Alaska, ; Fairbanks, AK USA
[10
]ISNI 0000 0001 2206 1080, GRID grid.175455.7, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, , University of Alaska, ; Fairbanks, AK USA
[11
]Italian Hydrographic Service, Genoa, Italy
[12
]GRID grid.470085.e, Geological Survey of Canada, ; Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada
[13
]ISNI 0000000121885934, GRID grid.5335.0, Scott Polar Research Institute, , University of Cambridge, ; Cambridge, UK
[14
]ISNI 0000 0004 0598 3800, GRID grid.478592.5, UK Polar Data Centre, , British Antarctic Survey, ; Cambridge, UK
[15
]ISNI 0000 0001 2164 222X, GRID grid.473837.c, Canadian Hydrographic Service, ; Burlington, Ontario Canada
[16
]ISNI 0000 0001 2358 9135, GRID grid.452445.6, Geological Survey of Israel, ; Jerusalem, Israel
[17
]ISNI 0000 0001 0665 4310, GRID grid.425915.e, Norwegian Mapping Authority, Hydrographic Service, ; Stavanger, Norway
[18
]ISNI 0000 0001 0727 1477, GRID grid.410881.4, Korea Polar Research Institute, ; Incheon, South Korea
[19
]ISNI 0000 0000 9056 9663, GRID grid.15649.3f, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, ; Kiel, Germany
[20
]ISNI 0000 0001 0741 5039, GRID grid.424543.0, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, ; Nuuk, Greenland
[21
]ISNI 0000 0001 1017 5662, GRID grid.13508.3f, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, ; Copenhagen, Denmark
[22
]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7443, GRID grid.7914.b, Department of Earth Science, , University of Bergen, ; Bergen, Norway
[23
]ISNI 0000 0001 2112 9282, GRID grid.4444.0, Institut des Geosciences de l’Environment, , Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ; Grenoble, France
[24
]Danish Geodata Agency, Danish Hydrographic Office, Ålborg, Denmark
[25
]University Centre in Svalbard, Svalbard, Norway
[26
]Lynker Technologies, Seattle, USA
[27
]ISNI 0000000107068890, GRID grid.20861.3d, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, , California Institute of Technology, ; Pasadena, CA USA
[28
]ISNI 0000 0000 9321 1499, GRID grid.27736.37, Tomsk Polytechnic University, ; Tomsk, Russia
[29
]ISNI 0000 0001 1393 1398, GRID grid.417808.2, Laboratory of Arctic Studies, V.I. Il’ichov Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern
Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ; Vladivostok, Russia
[30
]ISNI 0000 0001 2164 222X, GRID grid.473837.c, Canadian Hydrographic Service, ; Darthmouth, Nova Scotia Canada
[31
]GRID grid.473840.c, British Oceanographic Data Centre, ; Liverpool, UK
[32
]ISNI 0000 0001 2192 9124, GRID grid.4886.2, Geological Institute, , Russian Academy of Sciences, ; Moscow, Russian Federation
[33
]GRID grid.453137.7, Second Institute of Oceanography, , Ministry of Natural Resources, ; Beijing, China
[34
]ISNI 0000 0001 2231 4236, GRID grid.474331.6, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, ; Seattle, USA
License:
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,
which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium
or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the
source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were
made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the
article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to
the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license
and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted
use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view
a copy of this license, visit
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the metadata files associated with this article.