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      Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China.

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          Abstract

          An in-depth annotation of the newly discovered coronavirus (2019-nCoV) genome has revealed differences between 2019-nCoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or SARS-like coronaviruses. A systematic comparison identified 380 amino acid substitutions between these coronaviruses, which may have caused functional and pathogenic divergence of 2019-nCoV.

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          Most cited references4

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          SARS corona virus peptides recognized by antibodies in the sera of convalescent cases

          We synthesized on cellulose membranes 4942 ten-amino-acid peptides which included all of the sequences predicted for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona virus. We probed these membranes with four pairs of acute and convalescent sera from recovered SARS cases. We correlated positively reacting peptides with the in vitro SARS-CoV neutralizing activity of the samples. We found that convalescent sera with high neutralizing activity recognized exclusively only a limited number of peptides on the membranes. This suggests that antibodies against the epitopes represented by these peptides could be responsible for much of the SARS-CoV neutralizing activity. The findings have implications for monitoring humoral responses to SARS-CoV as well as for developing a successful SARS vaccine.
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            Is Open Access

            Inferring the hosts of coronavirus using dual statistical models based on nucleotide composition

            Many coronaviruses are capable of interspecies transmission. Some of them have caused worldwide panic as emerging human pathogens in recent years, e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). In order to assess their threat to humans, we explored to infer the potential hosts of coronaviruses using a dual-model approach based on nineteen parameters computed from spike genes of coronaviruses. Both the support vector machine (SVM) model and the Mahalanobis distance (MD) discriminant model achieved high accuracies in leave-one-out cross-validation of training data consisting of 730 representative coronaviruses (99.86% and 98.08% respectively). Predictions on 47 additional coronaviruses precisely conformed to conclusions or speculations by other researchers. Our approach is implemented as a web server that can be accessed at http://bioinfo.ihb.ac.cn/seq2hosts.
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              Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Cell Host Microbe
                Cell host & microbe
                Elsevier BV
                1934-6069
                1931-3128
                March 11 2020
                : 27
                : 3
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
                [2 ] College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
                [3 ] Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China.
                [4 ] School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
                [5 ] Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
                [6 ] Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China. Electronic address: tanwj@ivdc.chinacdc.cn.
                [7 ] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA. Electronic address: gcheng@mednet.ucla.edu.
                [8 ] Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. Electronic address: taijiao@ibms.pumc.edu.cn.
                Article
                S1931-3128(20)30072-X
                10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.001
                32035028
                0b246960-c072-492d-ad6b-932860a1c6c0
                Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                History

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