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      Nahrungsmittelunverträglichkeiten des Verdauungstraktes – Teil 1: Nahrungsmittelallergien

      Der Internist
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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          Confocal endomicroscopy shows food-associated changes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

          We investigated suspected food intolerances in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) using confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) for real-time visualization of structural/functional changes in the intestinal mucosa after food challenge. Patients with functional changes after food challenge (CLE+) were placed on personalized exclusion diets and followed up for long-term symptom relief.
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            Is Open Access

            Anti-IgE Treatment with Oral Immunotherapy in Multifood Allergic Participants: Results of a Randomized, Double-blinded Control Trial

            Summary BACKGROUND Despite progress in single food oral immunotherapy (OIT), there is little evidence concerning the safety and efficacy of treating individuals with multiple food (multifood) allergies. We conducted a pilot study testing whether anti-IgE (omalizumab) combined with multifood OIT benefitted multifood allergic patients. METHODS In this blinded, phase 2 clinical trial conducted at Stanford University, 48 participants, aged 4-15 years, with multifood allergies validated by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs) to their offending foods were block randomized (3:1) to receive multifood OIT to 2-5 foods, together with omalizumab (n=36) or placebo (n=12). Omalizumab or placebo was administered subcutaneously for 16 weeks with OIT starting at week 8; omalizumab or placebo was stopped 20 weeks before exit DBPCFCs (week 36) to determine the primary endpoint: the proportion of participants who passed DBPCFCs to at least 2 of their offending foods. This completed trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, . FINDINGS At week 36, a significantly greater proportion of the omalizumab (30/36, 83%) vs. placebo (4/12, 33%) participants passed DBPCFCs to 2 g protein for ≥ 2 of their offending foods (odds ratio (OR): 10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·8, 58·3, P=0·004). The same individuals also tolerated 4 g protein of ≥ 2 foods (secondary endpoint, P=0·004). A greater proportion of omalizumab (13/17, 77%) vs. placebo (0/5, 0%) participants passed a DBPCFC to 2 g protein for ≥ 4 of their offending foods (OR: 33, 95% CI: 1·9, ∞, P=0·01). All participants completed the study. There were no serious or severe (≥ grade 3) adverse events. INTERPRETATION In multifood allergic patients, omalizumab improves the efficacy of multifood OIT and enables safe and rapid desensitization. FUNDING NIH U19 AADCRC and Opportunity Fund, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Simons Foundation, Myra Reinhard Foundation, FARE Center of Excellence, Department of Pathology, and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University.
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              Precision Medicine in Allergic Disease - Food Allergy, Drug Allergy, and Anaphylaxis-PRACTALL document of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

              This consensus document summarizes the current knowledge on the potential for precision medicine in food allergy, drug allergy and anaphylaxis under the auspices of the PRACTALL collaboration platform. PRACTALL is a joint effort of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI), which aims to synchronize the European and American approaches to allergy care. Precision medicine is an emerging approach for disease treatment based on disease endotypes, which are phenotypic subclasses associated with specific mechanisms underlying the disease. Although significant progress has been made in defining endotypes for asthma, definitions of endotypes for food and drug allergy or for anaphylaxis lag behind. Progress has been made in discovery of biomarkers to guide a precision medicine approach to treatment of food and drug allergy, but further validation and quantification of these biomarkers is needed to allow their translation into practice in the clinical management of allergic disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Der Internist
                Internist
                Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                0020-9554
                1432-1289
                February 2022
                January 26 2022
                February 2022
                : 63
                : 2
                : 171-184
                Article
                10.1007/s00108-021-01256-x
                f740a31c-a28d-4950-920f-8a92f48c7cdb
                © 2022

                https://www.springer.com/tdm

                https://www.springer.com/tdm

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