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      Inclusão digital e capacidade funcional de idosos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil (EpiFloripa 2009-2010) Translated title: Digital inclusion and functional capacity of older adults living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil (EpiFloripa 2009-2010)

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Estudar a relação entre inclusão digital, na forma de troca de mensagens pela Internet, e capacidade funcional de idosos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se dados do EpiFloripa Idoso, um estudo transversal de base populacional com idosos (60+ anos) realizado entre 2009 e 2010. A capacidade funcional foi representada pela dificuldade ou incapacidade na realização de atividades básicas ou instrumentais da vida diária, e constituiu a variável dependente denominada dependência funcional. A variável independente principal foi a capacidade autorreferida de enviar e receber mensagens pela Internet usando um computador. Razões de prevalência (PR) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram estimados em modelo multivariável por regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A amostra compreendeu 1.656 idosos entre 60 e 102 anos com idade média de 70,39 anos (DP = 7,79). Os idosos que conseguiam enviar e receber mensagens pela Internet sem dificuldade apresentaram prevalência significativamente menor de dependência funcional moderada/grave (RP = 0,61; IC95%: 0,40 - 0,94) após ajuste para fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, de saúde e comportamentais. CONCLUSÕES: A troca de mensagens pela Internet possui forte associação com independência funcional. Não é possível inferir a relação de causalidade dessa associação. Estudos alicerçam a hipótese de que a troca de mensagens pela Internet e a independência funcional tenham uma associação bidirecional, aditiva e sinérgica. Estudos longitudinais poderiam investigar os mecanismos envolvidos nessa associação, para fundamentar políticas de inclusão digital de idosos e para identificar qual o perfil de idosos que mais se beneficiaria com essa inclusão.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between digital inclusion, represented by the exchange of online messages, and functional capacity of older adults living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: Data were from EpiFloripa Idoso, a cross-sectional household-based survey conducted between 2009 and 2010 with older adults (60+ years). Functional capacity was represented by the inability / difficulty to perform basic / instrumental activities of daily living, and formed the outcome variable called functional dependence. The main independent variable was self-reported ability to send and receive online messages using the computer. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated with multivariable Poisson regression models. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 1,656 older adults between 60 and 102 years old with a mean age of 70.39 years (SD = 7.79). Older adults who could send and receive online messages without difficulty demonstrated a significant lower prevalence of moderate / severe functional dependence (PR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0.40 - 0.94) after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, health and behavioral factors. CONCLUSIONS: The exchange of online messages has a strong association with functional independence. The causality of this association cannot be determined. Studies support the hypothesis that the exchange of online messages and functional independence have a bidirectional, additive and synergistic association. Longitudinal studies could elucidate the mechanisms involved in this association, in order to support digital inclusion policies for older adults, and to identify the profile of older adults who would benefit the most from digital inclusion.

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          Fatores determinantes do envelhecimento saudável em idosos residentes em centro urbano: Projeto Epidoso, São Paulo

          Luiz Ramos (2003)
          Com o envelhecimento populacional, temos um aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas e incapacitantes e uma mudança de paradigma na saúde pública. As doenças diagnosticadas num indivíduo idoso geralmente não admitem cura e, se não forem devidamente tratadas e acompanhadas ao longo dos anos, tendem a apresentar complicações e seqüelas que comprometem a independência e a autonomia do paciente. A saúde não é mais medida pela presença ou não de doenças, e sim pelo grau de preservação da capacidade funcional. Quais os fatores que determinam um envelhecimento saudável, com boa capacidade funcional, e quais os fatores que aumentam o risco de morte e incapacidade são questões que terão que ser respondidas por inquéritos longitudinais que incluam a população idosa residente na comunidade. Este artigo apresenta dados do primeiro inquérito populacional de seguimento com idosos na comunidade no Brasil ­ Projeto Epidoso, em curso desde 1991 na cidade de São Paulo. São discutidas as características sócio-demográficas, clínicas e funcionais de uma coorte de idosos, com análise de risco para morte e incapacidade e considerações sobre as implicações para o planejamento em saúde.
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            The hierarchy of functional loss associated with cognitive decline in older persons.

            We studied a representative cohort of community-dwelling elderly persons to (i) examine the relationship between the loss of specific functional activities and cognitive status at the time of these losses, (ii) compare the cognitive status of participants who have and have not lost independence in these functional activities, and (iii) determine whether a hierarchical scale of functional loss is associated with declining cognitive status. A cohort of 5874 community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and older from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging I and II were analyzed. At baseline and 5 years later, cognitive status with the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) and functional status with 14 Older American Resources and Services (OARS) items were measured. For each OARS functional item, the mean 3MS scores for persons who lost independence during the 5-year period versus those who did not were compared. For each functional item, the 5-year decline in 3MS scores of persons who lost independence were significantly greater than those who remained independent (e.g., ability to do finances), with an 18-point decline for those who lost independence and a 2-point decline for those who retained independence. A hierarchy of functional items existed, with instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs) (e.g., shopping, banking, and cooking) being lost at higher cognitive scores than basic ADL items (e.g., eating, dressing, and walking), although there was some overlap. This is the first prospective study using a large representative cohort of elderly persons to demonstrate that progressive cognitive decline is associated with a specific pattern of loss of functional tasks. Clear cognitive thresholds at which development of dependency in OARS functional items occurred. By providing estimates of the cognitive status of persons at the time at which they developed dependency in specific functional items, a natural hierarchy of functional loss associated with cognitive decline emerged. For caregivers, clinicians, and health policy makers, this information can help anticipate the pattern of functional decline and the subsequent care needs of persons with declining cognition, potentially improving the quality of life of these persons and their caregivers and playing an important part in health care planning.
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              Designing prevention programmes to reduce incidence of dementia: prospective cohort study of modifiable risk factors

              Objective To estimate the percentage reduction in incidence of dementia that would be obtained if specific risk factors were eliminated. Design Prospective seven year cohort study. Setting General population, Montpellier, France. Participants 1433 people aged over 65 with a mean baseline age of 72.5 (SD 5.1) years. Main outcome measures Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia established by a standardised neurological examination. Results Cox models were constructed to derive hazard ratios and determine confounding and interaction effects for potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Mean percentage population attributable fractions were calculated with 95% confidence intervals derived from bootstrapping for seven year incidence of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. The final model retained crystallised intelligence (population attributable fraction 18.11%, 95% confidence interval 10.91% to 25.42%), depression (10.31%, 3.66% to 17.17%), fruit and vegetable consumption (6.46%, 0.15% to 13.06%), diabetes (4.88%, 1.87% to 7.98%), and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (7.11%, 2.44% to 11.98%). Conclusions Increasing crystallised intelligence and fruit and vegetable consumption and eliminating depression and diabetes are likely to have the biggest impact on reducing the incidence of dementia, outweighing even the effect of removing the principal known genetic risk factor. Although causal relations cannot be concluded with certainty, the study suggests priorities that may inform public health programmes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbepid
                Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
                Rev. bras. epidemiol.
                Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1415-790X
                1980-5497
                March 2012
                : 15
                : 1
                : 106-122
                Affiliations
                [02] Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina Brazil
                [04] Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brazil
                [06] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Departamento de Informática em Saúde Brazil
                [03] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [01] Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brazil
                [05] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina Brazil
                Article
                S1415-790X2012000100010 S1415-790X(12)01500100010
                10.1590/S1415-790X2012000100010
                bc698113-4495-4f7e-9522-5394b37b97b8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 November 2011
                : 16 June 2011
                : 09 October 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 17
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                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Internet,E-mail,Elderly,Comunicação,Functional Capacity,Communication,Capacidade Funcional,Idoso

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