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      COVID-19 patients in earlier stages exhaled millions of SARS-CoV-2 per hour

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          Abstract

          Exhaled breath samples had the highest positive rate (26.9%, n=52), followed by surface swabs (5.4%, n=242), and air samples (3.8%, n=26). COVID-19 patients recruited in Beijing exhaled millions of SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies into the air per hour. Exhaled breath emission may play an important role in the COVID-19 transmission.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Clin Infect Dis
          Clin. Infect. Dis
          cid
          Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
          Oxford University Press (US )
          1058-4838
          1537-6591
          28 August 2020
          : ciaa1283
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chaoyang District of Beijing , Beijing, China
          [2 ] State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control , College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China
          [3 ] Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
          [4 ] International Laboratory for Air Quality and Heath (ILAQH), WHO Collaborating Centre for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences , Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
          [5 ] Center for Health-Related Aerosol Studies, Department of Environmental & Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH, USA
          [6 ] Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, MO, USA
          [7 ] Department of Environmental Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena , CA 91109, USA
          Author notes
          Correspondence to: Maosheng Yao, PhD, Boya Distinguished Professor, Peking University, emasil: yao@ 123456pku.edu.cn , Phone: +86 01062767282

          These authors contributed equally.

          Article
          ciaa1283
          10.1093/cid/ciaa1283
          7499537
          32857833
          aaea63ca-3add-4f6b-a160-c6a280eb9a72
          © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

          This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)

          This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

          History
          : 15 July 2020
          Categories
          Brief Report
          AcademicSubjects/MED00290
          Custom metadata
          PAP
          accepted-manuscript

          Infectious disease & Microbiology
          covid-19,sars-cov-2,exhaled breath,airborne transmission
          Infectious disease & Microbiology
          covid-19, sars-cov-2, exhaled breath, airborne transmission

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