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      Lung Cancer and Pleural Mesothelioma Risk Assessment for the General Population Exposed to Asbestos in Different Regions of Tehran, Iran

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          Abstract

          Background: Asbestos is a natural fiber leading to health risks like chronic lung diseases. The current study aimed to estimate pleural mesothelioma and lung cancer risk for population exposure to asbestos in Tehran, Iran.

          Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

          Methods: According to the annual report of Air Quality Control Company (AQCC), from 2011-2020, carcinogenic risk and mesothelioma were assessed based on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The relative risk (RR) of mortality cancer was calculated based on Camus and colleagues’ model. Moreover, mesothelioma risk was estimated by Bourgault and colleagues’ model.

          Results: The mean concentration and health risk of asbestos in ambient air generally reduced from 2011 to 2020. The highest mortality risk for lung cancer was 8.4 per 100000 persons in 2011 and reduced to 1.8 in 2017. For mesothelioma, the corresponding values were 8.96 per 100000 persons in 2011 and reduced to 1.92 in 2017.

          Conclusion: The findings of this study could be helpful to health policymakers in the management of asbestos risk.

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          Most cited references32

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          Monte Carlo sampling methods using Markov chains and their applications

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            Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: A tropical urban environment

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              Pleural malignant mesothelioma epidemic: incidence, modalities of asbestos exposure and occupations involved from the Italian National Register.

              Due to the large scale use of asbestos (more than 3.5 million tons produced or imported until its definitive banning in 1992), a specific national surveillance system of mesothelioma incident cases is active in Italy, with direct and individual anamnestic etiological investigation. In the period between 1993 and 2004, a case-list of 8,868 pleural MM was recorded by the Italian National Register (ReNaM) and the modalities of exposure to asbestos fibres have been investigated for 6,603 of them. Standardized incidence rates are 3.49 (per 100,000 inhabitants) for men and 1.25 for women, with a wide regional variability. Occupational asbestos exposure was in 69.3% of interviewed subjects (N = 4,577 cases), while 4.4% was due to cohabitation with someone (generally, the husband) occupationally exposed, 4.7% by environmental exposure from living near a contamination source and 1.6% during a leisure activity. In the male group, 81.5% of interviewed subjects exhibit an occupational exposure. In the exposed workers, the median year of first exposure was 1957, and mean latency was 43.7 years. The analysis of exposures by industrial sector focuses on a decreasing trend for those traditionally signaled as "at risk" (asbestos-cement industry, shipbuilding and repair and railway carriages maintenance) and an increasing trend for the building construction sector. The systematic mesothelioma surveillance system is relevant for the prevention of the disease and for supporting an efficient compensation system. The existing experience on all-too-predictable asbestos effects should be transferred to developing countries where asbestos use is spreading.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Res Health Sci
                J Res Health Sci
                J Res Health Sci
                JRHS
                Journal of Research in Health Sciences
                Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
                2228-7795
                2228-7809
                Fall 2022
                29 December 2022
                : 22
                : 4
                : e00563
                Affiliations
                1Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                2Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author: Yousef Mohammadian (PhD) Tel:+91 41243406 Email: Mohammadian_yosef@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                10.34172/jrhs.2022.98
                10422159
                aac7e5b0-5808-4a1d-b701-7fd36d250770
                © 2022 The Author(s); Published by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 13 September 2022
                : 06 December 2022
                : 28 December 2022
                Categories
                Original Article

                asbestos,lung,mesothelioma,neoplasms,quantitative health risk assessment

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