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      Assessment of the Root Canal Similarity in Contralateral Mandibular Incisors

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of similarity between contralateral mandibular incisors utilising 3-dimensional (3D) models obtained from micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) scans of extracted human teeth. The null hypothesis was that contralateral mandibular incisors do not exhibit matching symmetry.

          Methods

          Sixty pairs (n = 120) of extracted mandibular incisors were obtained from 30 patients and scanned with micro-CT with a voxel size of 15.0 μm. 3D virtual models of the pulpal cavities were rendered. Geometric morphometric deviation analysis was performed after mirroring, automatic alignment, and co-registration of the models of contralateral teeth root mean square (RMS) errors were calculated. The quantitative analysis of the 3D models included 6 different geometric parameters. Data sets were examined with a 2-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Post hoc retrospective power analysis was performed to find statistical power (α = 0.05).

          Results

          Contralateral pairs had a narrower distribution in deviation than random pairs. Also, contralateral pairs showed a statistically higher similarity coefficient (5 out of 6 geometric parameters) compared to random pairs ( P < .001); no difference was found when comparing central to lateral pairs or between Vertucci type I configurations compared to non-type I. RMS errors had significantly lower Contralateral premolars (CPs) values than random pairs ( P < .001).

          Conclusions

          A high degree of similarity was demonstrated for pairing contralateral mandibular incisors using 3D models. The similarity between contralateral central and lateral incisors suggests that when screened and matched, these 4 teeth might be used in endodontic research where similar root canal anatomy is crucial.

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          Most cited references42

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          Root canal morphology and its relationship to endodontic procedures

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            Fast-Find: A novel computational approach to analyzing combinatorial motifs

            Background Many vital biological processes, including transcription and splicing, require a combination of short, degenerate sequence patterns, or motifs, adjacent to defined sequence features. Although these motifs occur frequently by chance, they only have biological meaning within a specific context. Identifying transcripts that contain meaningful combinations of patterns is thus an important problem, which existing tools address poorly. Results Here we present a new approach, Fast-FIND (Fast-Fully Indexed Nucleotide Database), that uses a relational database to support rapid indexed searches for arbitrary combinations of patterns defined either by sequence or composition. Fast-FIND is easy to implement, takes less than a second to search the entire Drosophila genome sequence for arbitrary patterns adjacent to sites of alternative polyadenylation, and is sufficiently fast to allow sensitivity analysis on the patterns. We have applied this approach to identify transcripts that contain combinations of sequence motifs for RNA-binding proteins that may regulate alternative polyadenylation. Conclusion Fast-FIND provides an efficient way to identify transcripts that are potentially regulated via alternative polyadenylation. We have used it to generate hypotheses about interactions between specific polyadenylation factors, which we will test experimentally.
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              Changes in root canal geometry after preparation assessed by high-resolution computed tomography.

              Root canal morphology changes during canal preparation, and these changes may vary depending on the technique used. Such changes have been studied in vitro by measuring cross-sections of canals before and after preparation. This current study used nondestructive high-resolution scanning tomography to assess changes in the canals' paths after preparation. A microcomputed tomography scanner (cubic resolution 34 microm) was used to analyze 18 canals in 6 extracted maxillary molars. Canals were scanned before and after preparation using either K-Files, Lightspeed, or ProFile .04 rotary instruments. A special mounting device enabled precise repositioning and scanning of the specimens after preparation. Differences in surface area (deltaA in mm2) and volume (deltaV in mm3) of each canal before and after preparation were calculated using custom-made software. deltaV ranged from 0.64 to 2.86, with a mean of 1.61 +/- 0.7, whereas deltaA varied from 0.72 to 9.66, with a mean of 4.16 +/- 2.63. Mean deltaV and deltaA for the K-File, ProFile, and Lightspeed groups were 1.28 +/- 0.57 and 2.58 +/- 1.83; 1.79 +/- 0.66 and 4.86 +/- 2.53; and 1.81 +/- 0.57 and 5.31 +/- 2.98, respectively. Canal anatomy and the effects of preparation were further analyzed using the Structure Model Index and the Transportation of Centers of Mass. Under the conditions of this study variations in canal geometry before preparation had more influence on the changes during preparation than the techniques themselves. Consequently studies comparing the effects of root canal instruments on canal anatomy should also consider details of the preoperative canal geometry.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int Dent J
                Int Dent J
                International Dental Journal
                Elsevier
                0020-6539
                1875-595X
                10 June 2022
                February 2023
                10 June 2022
                : 73
                : 1
                : 71-78
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
                [b ]Oral Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
                [c ]Department of Periodontics & Endodontics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
                Author notes
                [* ]Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1109 Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway h.j.haugen@ 123456odont.uio.no
                Article
                S0020-6539(22)00075-2
                10.1016/j.identj.2022.04.003
                9875282
                35691729
                955b17f6-cbd6-4958-803e-411f70cce05c
                © 2022 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Categories
                Scientific Research Report

                anatomic symmetry,contralateral incisors,micro-ct,3d-matching,imaging

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