Influenza Vaccination Modifies Disease Severity Among Community-dwelling Adults Hospitalized With Influenza

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

We investigated the effect of influenza vaccination on disease severity in adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during 2013-14, a season in which vaccine viruses were antigenically similar to those circulating.

Related collections

Most cited references 25

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Viral Loads and Duration of Viral Shedding in Adult Patients Hospitalized with Influenza

Nelson Lee, Paul K S Chan, David S. C. Hui … (2009)

Abstract BackgroundThe goal of this study was to characterize viral loads and factors affecting viral clearance in persons with severe influenza MethodsThis was a 1-year prospective, observational study involving consecutive adults hospitalized with influenza. Nasal and throat swabs were collected at presentation, then daily until 1 week after symptom onset. Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to determine viral RNA concentration and virus isolation were performed. Viral RNA concentration was analyzed using multiple linear or logistic regressions or mixed-effect models ResultsOne hundred forty-seven inpatients with influenza A (H3N2) infection were studied (mean age ± standard deviation, 72±16 years). Viral RNA concentration at presentation positively correlated with symptom scores and was significantly higher than that among time-matched outpatients (control subjects). Patients with major comorbidities had high viral RNA concentration even when presenting >2 days after symptom onset (mean ± standard deviation, 5.06±1.85 vs 3.62±2.13 log10 copies/mL; P=.005; β, +0.86 [95% confidence interval, +0.03 to +1.68]). Viral RNA concentration demonstrated a nonlinear decrease with time; 26% of oseltamivir-treated and 57% of untreated patients had RNA detected at 1 week after symptom onset. Oseltamivir started on or before symptom day 4 was independently associated with an accelerated decrease in viral RNA concentration (mean β [standard error], −1.19 [0.43] and −0.68 [0.33] log10 copies/mL for patients treated on day 1 and days 2–3, respectively; P<.05) and viral RNA clearance at 1 week (odds ratio, 0.10 [95% confidence interval, 0.03–0.35] and 0.30 [0.10–0.90] for patients treated on day 1–2 and day 3–4, respectively). Conversely, major comorbidities and systemic corticosteroid use for asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations were associated with slower viral clearance. Viral RNA clearance was associated with a shorter hospital stay (7.0 vs 13.5 days; P=.001) ConclusionPatients hospitalized with severe influenza have more active and prolonged viral replication. Weakened host defenses slow viral clearance, whereas antivirals started within the first 4 days of illness enhance viral clearance

0 comments Cited 220 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

Matching Using Estimated Propensity Scores: Relating Theory to Practice

Donald B Rubin, Neal Thomas (1996)

0 comments Cited 174 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The bias due to incomplete matching.

David Rubin, P Rosenbaum (1985)

Observational studies comparing groups of treated and control units are often used to estimate the effects caused by treatments. Matching is a method for sampling a large reservoir of potential controls to produce a control group of modest size that is ostensibly similar to the treated group. In practice, there is a trade-off between the desires to find matches for all treated units and to obtain matched treated-control pairs that are extremely similar to each other. We derive expressions for the bias in the average matched pair difference due to the failure to match all treated units--incomplete matching, and the failure to obtain exact matches--inexact matching. A practical example shows that the bias due to incomplete matching can be severe, and moreover, can be avoided entirely by using an appropriate multivariate nearest available matching algorithm, which, in the example, leaves only a small residual bias due to inexact matching.

0 comments Cited 104 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Title: Clinical Infectious Diseases

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

ISSN (Print): 1058-4838

ISSN (Electronic): 1537-6591

Publication date Created: October 15 2017

Publication date Created: May 19 2017

Publication date Other: October 15 2017

Publication date (Print): October 15 2017

Publication date (Electronic): May 19 2017

Volume: 65

Issue: 8

Pages: 1289-1297

Affiliations

[1 ] Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,

[2 ] Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and

[3 ] Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Georgia;

[4 ] Maryland Emerging Infections Program, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore;

[5 ] Salt Lake County Health Department, Utah, Salt Lake City;

[6 ] Emerging Infections Program, New York State Department of Public Health, Albany and

[7 ] Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York;

[8 ] California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland;

[9 ] New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe;

[10 ] Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver;

[11 ] Connectitut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven;

[12 ] Ohio Department of Health, Columbus;

[13 ] Michigan Department of Community Health, Lansing;

[14 ] Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul;

[15 ] Oregon Public Health Division, Portland;

[16 ] Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.

Article

DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix468

PMC ID: 5718038

PubMed ID: 28525597

SO-VID: 939fc77c-d3a7-41fe-94f2-20e73b5f54aa

History

Data availability:

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 64

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 495

See all reference authors

- Version 1
- Version 1

Influenza Vaccination Modifies Disease Severity Among Community-dwelling Adults Hospitalized With Influenza

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Alternative approaches to Alzheimer's Disease

Most cited references 25

Viral Loads and Duration of Viral Shedding in Adult Patients Hospitalized with Influenza

Matching Using Estimated Propensity Scores: Relating Theory to Practice

The bias due to incomplete matching.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 1,736

Cited by 64

Most referenced authors 495