Comparison of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-infused absorbable collagen sponge, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-coated tricalcium phosphate, and platelet-rich fibrin-mixed tricalcium phosphate for sinus augmentation in rabbits

Abstract

Background/purpose

Numerous grafting materials have been used in the bone regeneration of maxillary sinus to obtain a sufficient amount of new bone in implant dentistry. The objective of this study was to compare the potentials of Type I absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) impregnated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2, rhBMP-2-coated tricalcium phosphate (TCP), platelet-rich fibrin-mixed TCP for enhancing bone regeneration in sinus augmentation in rabbits.

Materials and methods

The sinus defects were grafted with rhBMP-2+ACS (Group A), rhBMP-2-coated TCP (Group B), and platelet-rich fibrin-mixed TCP (Group C). The specimens underwent decalcification, and were stained for histomorphometric analysis.

Results

There were no significant differences in inflammatory features among the groups 1-week postoperation. In a histomorphometric analysis, the new bone formation ratio showed significant differences between groups at 2 weeks. rhBMP-2+ACS showed a larger and more rapid bone formation area at 2 weeks than those of Groups B and C.

Conclusion

Our histological evaluation demonstrates that Type I ACS can be used as a carrier of rhBMP-2, and rhBMP-2+ACS showed rapid bone formation, remodeling, and calcification at Week 2 in rabbit.