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      The State Socialist Mortality Syndrome

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          Abstract

          Death rates for working-age men in European state socialist countries deviated from general improvements in survival observed in the rest of Europe during the 20th century. The magnitude of structural labor force changes across countries correlates with lagged increases in death rates for men in the working ages. This pattern is consistent with a hypothesis that hyper-development of heavy industry and stagnation (even contraction) of the service sector created anomic conditions leading to unhealthy lifestyles and self-destructive behavior among men moving from primary-sector to secondary-sector occupations. Occupational contrasts within countries similarly show concentration of rising male death rates among blue collar workers. Collapse of state socialist systems produced rapid corrections in labor force structure after 1990, again correlated with a fading of the state socialist mortality syndrome in following decades.

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          The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11113-010-9192-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references43

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          Health lifestyle theory and the convergence of agency and structure.

          This article utilizes the agency-structure debate as a framework for constructing a health lifestyle theory. No such theory currently exists, yet the need for one is underscored by the fact that many daily lifestyle practices involve considerations of health outcomes. An individualist paradigm has influenced concepts of health lifestyles in several disciplines, but this approach neglects the structural dimensions of such lifestyles and has limited applicability to the empirical world. The direction of this article is to present a theory of health lifestyles that includes considerations of both agency and structure, with an emphasis upon restoring structure to its appropriate position. The article begins by defining agency and structure, followed by presentation of a health lifestyle model and the theoretical and empirical studies that support it.
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            Social class inequality in mortality from 1921 to 1972 in England and Wales.

            E R Pamuk (1985)
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              The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialized countries.

              This study addresses the question of whether inequalities in premature mortality related to educational level differ among countries. Data on mortality by educational level were obtained from longitudinal studies from nine industrialized countries. The data referred to men between 35 and 64 years of age. The follow-up periods occurred between 1970 and 1982. The size of mortality differences associated with educational level was measured by means of two inequality indices, both based on Poisson regression analysis. Inequalities in mortality are relatively small in the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, and Norway and about two times as large in the United States, France, and Italy. Finland and England and Wales occupy intermediate positions. The large inequalities in mortality in the United States and France can be attributed in part to large inequalities in education in these countries. The international pattern found in this study was also observed in a comparison that used occupation as the socioeconomic indicator. Differences between countries in levels of inequality in mortality may be partially explained by the countries' different levels of egalitarian social and economic policies.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ecarlson@fsu.edu
                r.hoffmann@erasmusmc.nl
                Journal
                Popul Res Policy Rev
                Population Research and Policy Review
                Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht )
                0167-5923
                1573-7829
                27 October 2010
                27 October 2010
                June 2011
                : 30
                : 3
                : 355-379
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Center for Demography and Population Health, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2240 USA
                [2 ]Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
                Article
                9192
                10.1007/s11113-010-9192-z
                3085062
                21654907
                66f5fa1c-c23f-4854-b37e-6c263a4875dd
                © The Author(s) 2010
                History
                : 12 March 2009
                : 5 October 2010
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

                Social policy & Welfare
                europe,working-age mortality,development policy,anomie,labor force structure,state socialism

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