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      Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology

      research-article
      1 , 2 , 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 4 , 26 , 17 , 18 , 4 , 20 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 23 , 30 , 31 , 20 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 13 , 35 , 1 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 26 , 1 , 48 , 43 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 9 , 54 , 4 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 12 , 62 , 43 , 63 , 64 , 18 , 65 , 26 , 66 , 67 , 63 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 11 , 75 , 75 , 76 , 58 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 20 , 9 , 54 , 81 , 82 , 67 , 75 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 64 , 90 , 91 , 86 , 92 , 13 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 20 , 96 , 15 , 97 , 98 , 11 , 99 , 20 , 79 , 100 , 58 , 101 , 74 , 102 , 103 , 20 , 86 , 12 , 104 , 57 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 93 , 49 , 108 , 23 , 20 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 106 , 112 , 57 , 34 , 113 , 114 , 58 , 115 , 111 , 86 , 116 , 117 , 1 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 60 , 100 , 57 , 15 , 69 , 62 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 1 , 67 , 69 , 124 , 7 , 58 , 90 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 90 , 128 , 129 , 15 , 15 , 130 , 22 , 79 , 32 , 12 , 131 , 26 , 132 , 20 , 89 , 64 , 124 , 133 , 96 , 51 , 34 , 134 , 135 , 124 , 136 , 13 , 50 , 80 , 58 , 44 , 1 , 11 , * ,
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          Abstract

          Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements.

          Abstract

          Abstract

          Vertical habitat use by sharks, rays, and skates varies globally and has implications for their conservation and management.

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          Tracking apex marine predator movements in a dynamic ocean.

          Pelagic marine predators face unprecedented challenges and uncertain futures. Overexploitation and climate variability impact the abundance and distribution of top predators in ocean ecosystems. Improved understanding of ecological patterns, evolutionary constraints and ecosystem function is critical for preventing extinctions, loss of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystem services. Recent advances in electronic tagging techniques have provided the capacity to observe the movements and long-distance migrations of animals in relation to ocean processes across a range of ecological scales. Tagging of Pacific Predators, a field programme of the Census of Marine Life, deployed 4,306 tags on 23 species in the North Pacific Ocean, resulting in a tracking data set of unprecedented scale and species diversity that covers 265,386 tracking days from 2000 to 2009. Here we report migration pathways, link ocean features to multispecies hotspots and illustrate niche partitioning within and among congener guilds. Our results indicate that the California Current large marine ecosystem and the North Pacific transition zone attract and retain a diverse assemblage of marine vertebrates. Within the California Current large marine ecosystem, several predator guilds seasonally undertake north-south migrations that may be driven by oceanic processes, species-specific thermal tolerances and shifts in prey distributions. We identify critical habitats across multinational boundaries and show that top predators exploit their environment in predictable ways, providing the foundation for spatial management of large marine ecosystems. ©2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
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            Standardized diet compositions and trophic levels of sharks

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              Penalising Model Component Complexity: A Principled, Practical Approach to Constructing Priors

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                Journal
                Sci Adv
                Sci Adv
                sciadv
                advances
                Science Advances
                American Association for the Advancement of Science
                2375-2548
                August 2022
                19 August 2022
                : 8
                : 33
                : eabo1754
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.
                [ 2 ]Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
                [ 3 ]Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
                [ 4 ]School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
                [ 5 ]School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, USA.
                [ 6 ]Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA.
                [ 7 ]Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
                [ 8 ]Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
                [ 9 ]Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
                [ 10 ]Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
                [ 11 ]Zoological Society of London, London, UK.
                [ 12 ]Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, Australia.
                [ 13 ]School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
                [ 14 ]UMS 3514 Plateforme Marine Stella Mare, Université de Corse Pasquale Paoli, Biguglia, France.
                [ 15 ]The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK.
                [ 16 ]Save Our Seas Foundation–D’Arros Research Centre, Geneva, Switzerland.
                [ 17 ]College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
                [ 18 ]Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
                [ 19 ]Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
                [ 20 ]Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
                [ 21 ]Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA.
                [ 22 ]New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
                [ 23 ]Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, USA.
                [ 24 ]Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
                [ 25 ]Marine Research and Conservation Foundation, Lydeard St Lawrence, Somerset, UK.
                [ 26 ]MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France.
                [ 27 ]Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
                [ 28 ]El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR)–Unidad Chetumal, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
                [ 29 ]Océanos Vivientes A.C., Mexico City, Mexico.
                [ 30 ]Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
                [ 31 ]Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
                [ 32 ]Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
                [ 33 ]Cape Eleuthera Institute, Eleuthera, The Bahamas.
                [ 34 ]Ascension Island Government Conservation and Fisheries Department, Georgetown, Ascension Island, UK.
                [ 35 ]NSW Department of Primary Industries–Fisheries Research, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia.
                [ 36 ]Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA.
                [ 37 ]Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Aquarium des Lagons, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
                [ 38 ]Marine Institute, Oranmore, Galway, Ireland.
                [ 39 ]Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Olhão, Algarve, Portugal.
                [ 40 ]Centre of Marine Sciences of the Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal.
                [ 41 ]Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Panama City, FL, USA.
                [ 42 ]France Energies Marines, Environmental Integration Programme, Plouzané, France.
                [ 43 ]South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, South Africa.
                [ 44 ]Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
                [ 45 ]Wildlife Conservation Society Argentina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
                [ 46 ]División Zoología de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
                [ 47 ]Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, NOAA Fisheries, Gloucester, MA, USA.
                [ 48 ]Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
                [ 49 ]Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA, USA.
                [ 50 ]Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
                [ 51 ]Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
                [ 52 ]Laboratorio de Recursos Pelágicos, Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA), Montevideo, Uruguay.
                [ 53 ]Research and Conservation Department, Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA, USA.
                [ 54 ]SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
                [ 55 ]School of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia.
                [ 56 ]Marine Species Team, Department of Conservation, Auckland, New Zealand.
                [ 57 ]Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
                [ 58 ]Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK.
                [ 59 ]Conservation International Aotearoa, Auckland, New Zealand.
                [ 60 ]College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
                [ 61 ]Alaska Ocean Observing System, Anchorage, AK, USA.
                [ 62 ]Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
                [ 63 ]National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand.
                [ 64 ]OCEARCH, Park City, UT, USA.
                [ 65 ]College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
                [ 66 ]Planeta Océano, Lima, Peru.
                [ 67 ]Migramar, Forest Knolls, CA, USA.
                [ 68 ]Marine Science Research Institute, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
                [ 69 ]Beneath the Waves, Herndon, VA, USA.
                [ 70 ]Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
                [ 71 ]Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
                [ 72 ]Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
                [ 73 ]College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.
                [ 74 ]Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
                [ 75 ]Galapagos Whale Shark Project, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador.
                [ 76 ]Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
                [ 77 ]Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine Research, Lysekil, Sweden.
                [ 78 ]Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
                [ 79 ]Yayasan Konservasi Indonesia, Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia.
                [ 80 ]College of Life and Environmental Science, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK.
                [ 81 ]Conservation and Wildlife Branch, Department for Environment and Water, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
                [ 82 ]Galapagos Science Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
                [ 83 ]Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
                [ 84 ]NatureScot, Inverness, Scotland.
                [ 85 ]Blue Water Marine Research, Tutukaka, New Zealand.
                [ 86 ]Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA.
                [ 87 ]Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
                [ 88 ]Haiti Ocean Project, Petite Riviere de Nippes, Haiti.
                [ 89 ]Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA.
                [ 90 ]The Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, UK.
                [ 91 ]Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Honolulu, HI, USA.
                [ 92 ]Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia.
                [ 93 ]Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
                [ 94 ]Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
                [ 95 ]Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Jagna, Bohol, Philippines.
                [ 96 ]ISEA, University of New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
                [ 97 ]Conservation International New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
                [ 98 ]National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia.
                [ 99 ]Okeanos Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Faial, Portugal.
                [ 100 ]Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
                [ 101 ]Murdoch University Field Station, Coral Bay, WA, Australia.
                [ 102 ]Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
                [ 103 ]TissueGrab Biopsy Systems LLC, Honolulu, HI, USA.
                [ 104 ]School of Marine and Environmental Programs, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA.
                [ 105 ]Instituto de Investigacions Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
                [ 106 ]CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairao, Portugal.
                [ 107 ]Pelagic Research Group LLC, Honolulu, HI, USA.
                [ 108 ]NOAA/NMFS Apex Predators Program, Narragansett, RI, USA.
                [ 109 ]Institute of the Environment, Department of Biological Science, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA.
                [ 110 ]CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
                [ 111 ]Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, USA.
                [ 112 ]BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal.
                [ 113 ]School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
                [ 114 ]CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
                [ 115 ]School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
                [ 116 ]British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge Cambridgeshire, UK.
                [ 117 ]Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries, Bremerhaven, Germany.
                [ 118 ]Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, Bimini, The Bahamas.
                [ 119 ]IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group, Gland, Vaud, Switzerland.
                [ 120 ]Aquarium-Muséum Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium.
                [ 121 ]Coastal Science and Policy Program, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
                [ 122 ]Thresher Shark Project Indonesia, Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
                [ 123 ]Upwell, Monterey, CA, USA.
                [ 124 ]Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
                [ 125 ]Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
                [ 126 ]Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, New Bedford, MA, USA.
                [ 127 ]Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
                [ 128 ]Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.
                [ 129 ]David Suzuki Foundation, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
                [ 130 ]Marine Mammal Institute, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA.
                [ 131 ]Marine Futures Lab, School of Biological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
                [ 132 ]School of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Hervey Bay, QLD, Australia.
                [ 133 ]Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil.
                [ 134 ]Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
                [ 135 ]Fisheries Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA.
                [ 136 ]University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Email: david.curnick@ 123456zsl.org
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                [‡]

                Deceased.

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                Article
                abo1754
                10.1126/sciadv.abo1754
                9390984
                35984887
                6142f2bd-a507-4179-bb36-dae4508dcc55
                Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 25 January 2022
                : 07 July 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000936, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation;
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009152, Fondation Bertarelli;
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007177, Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional;
                Categories
                Research Article
                Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences
                SciAdv r-articles
                Applied Ecology
                Ecology
                Ecology
                Custom metadata
                Mjoy Azul

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