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      Key Aspects of Providing Healthcare Services in Disaster Response Stage

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          Abstract

          Background

          Health care management in disasters is one of the main parts of disaster management. Health in disasters is affected by performance of various sectors, and has an interactive impact on various aspects of disaster management. The aim of this study was to identify the most important themes affecting the healthcare management in disaster.

          Method

          In this qualitative study with a content analysis approach, in-depth interviews in two steps with 30 disaster experts and managers were conducted to collect the data.

          Results

          Eleven themes affecting healthcare management in disasters were identified. These themes were related to human resources management, resources management, victims’ management transfer, environmental hygiene monitoring, nutrition management, mental health control, inter-agency coordination, training, technology management, information and communication management, and budget management.

          Conclusion

          Providing effective health care service in disasters requires a comprehensive look at the various aspects of disaster management. Effective factors on the success of healthcare in disaster are not limited to the scope of healthcare. There should be a close relationship and interaction between different sectors of disaster management.

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          Most cited references11

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          Is Open Access

          Epidemics after Natural Disasters

          The relationship between natural disasters and communicable diseases is frequently misconstrued. The risk for outbreaks is often presumed to be very high in the chaos that follows natural disasters, a fear likely derived from a perceived association between dead bodies and epidemics. However, the risk factors for outbreaks after disasters are associated primarily with population displacement. The availability of safe water and sanitation facilities, the degree of crowding, the underlying health status of the population, and the availability of healthcare services all interact within the context of the local disease ecology to influence the risk for communicable diseases and death in the affected population. We outline the risk factors for outbreaks after a disaster, review the communicable diseases likely to be important, and establish priorities to address communicable diseases in disaster settings.
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            Climate change and disaster management.

            Climate change, although a natural phenomenon, is accelerated by human activities. Disaster policy response to climate change is dependent on a number of factors, such as readiness to accept the reality of climate change, institutions and capacity, as well as willingness to embed climate change risk assessment and management in development strategies. These conditions do not yet exist universally. A focus that neglects to enhance capacity-building and resilience as a prerequisite for managing climate change risks will, in all likelihood, do little to reduce vulnerability to those risks. Reducing vulnerability is a key aspect of reducing climate change risk. To do so requires a new approach to climate change risk and a change in institutional structures and relationships. A focus on development that neglects to enhance governance and resilience as a prerequisite for managing climate change risks will, in all likelihood, do little to reduce vulnerability to those risks.
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              The mechanisms that associate community social capital with post-disaster mental health: a multilevel model.

              Many scholars have advocated that the time has come to provide empirical evidence of the mechanisms that associate community social capital with individual disaster mental health. For this purpose we conducted a study (n = 232) one year after a flood (2008) in Morpeth, a rural town in northern England. We selected posttraumatic stress as an indicator of disaster mental health. Our multilevel model shows that high community social capital is indirectly salutary for individual posttraumatic stress. In particular, in communities (defined as postcode areas) with high structural social capital, the results suggest that individuals confide in the social context (high cognitive social capital) to address disaster-related demands (high collective efficacy), and employ less individual psychosocial resources (i.e. coping strategies and social support). This "conservation of individual psychosocial resources" in a salutary social context decreases the association between the appraisal of the disaster and posttraumatic stress. As a result of this mechanism, individuals suffer less from posttraumatic stress in communities with high social capital. These findings provide new insights how intervention policies aimed at strengthening both objective and subjective dimensions of social capital may reduce post-disaster mental health.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Iran J Public Health
                Iran. J. Public Health
                IJPH
                Iranian Journal of Public Health
                Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                2251-6085
                2251-6093
                January 2015
                : 44
                : 1
                : 111-118
                Affiliations
                [1]1. Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
                [2]2. Disaster and Emergency Health Academy, National Institute of Health Research, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
                [3]3. Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
                Author notes
                * Corresponding Author: Email: mhmhealth@ 123456kmu.ac.ir
                Article
                IJPH-44-111
                4449997
                26060782
                5ff07038-a76a-4eb3-91c2-1ef89114ada6
                Copyright © Iranian Public Health Association & Tehran University of Medical Sciences

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.

                History
                : 02 June 2014
                : 10 November 2014
                Categories
                Original Article

                Public health
                natural disaster,response,healthcare
                Public health
                natural disaster, response, healthcare

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