Relationship between Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with Health-Related Physical Fitness Indicators among Pakistani School Adolescents: Yaali-Pak Study

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Abstract

Background

The current study is the foremost study exploring the relationships between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and health-related physical fitness indicators among 12–16-year-old adolescents of the South Punjab region of Pakistan.

Methods

The researcher adopted the cross-sectional research design for the study. A total of 2970 participants (1477 boys and 1493 girls) aged adolescents from South Punjab, Pakistan, completed health-related physical fitness indicators measuring strength, endurance, and aerobic capacity through a hand-grip strength test, modified pull-up test, plank test, and 20-m shuttle run test, and physical activity were subjectively assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Linear regression models were used to explore the between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with health-related physical fitness indicators.

Results

Positive associations were observed between hand-grip strength ( p < 0.001), modified pull-up ( p < 0.001), plank exercise ( p < 0.001), and 20-m shuttle run test ( p < 0.001), with MVPA. The gender-specific comparison also indicated a significant ( p < 0.001) and positive relationship. The results revealed that as MVPA increases, body composition, muscular strength, core muscular endurance, and aerobic capacity could improve in both genders.

Conclusions

MVPA appears to be an effective and reliable predictor of health-related physical fitness among school adolescents.

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Most cited references 57

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Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health.

F. Ortega, J. Ruiz, M. J. Castillo … (2008)

This review aims to summarize the latest developments with regard to physical fitness and several health outcomes in young people. The literature reviewed suggests that (1) cardiorespiratory fitness levels are associated with total and abdominal adiposity; (2) both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness are shown to be associated with established and emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors; (3) improvements in muscular fitness and speed/agility, rather than cardiorespiratory fitness, seem to have a positive effect on skeletal health; (4) both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness enhancements are recommended in pediatric cancer patients/survivors in order to attenuate fatigue and improve their quality of life; and (5) improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness have positive effects on depression, anxiety, mood status and self-esteem, and seem also to be associated with a higher academic performance. In conclusion, health promotion policies and physical activity programs should be designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, but also two other physical fitness components such us muscular fitness and speed/agility. Schools may play an important role by identifying children with low physical fitness and by promoting positive health behaviors such as encouraging children to be active, with special emphasis on the intensity of the activity.

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Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth

Ian Janssen, Allana G. LeBlanc (2010)

Background The purpose was to: 1) perform a systematic review of studies examining the relation between physical activity, fitness, and health in school-aged children and youth, and 2) make recommendations based on the findings. Methods The systematic review was limited to 7 health indicators: high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, the metabolic syndrome, obesity, low bone density, depression, and injuries. Literature searches were conducted using predefined keywords in 6 key databases. A total of 11,088 potential papers were identified. The abstracts and full-text articles of potentially relevant papers were screened to determine eligibility. Data was abstracted for 113 outcomes from the 86 eligible papers. The evidence was graded for each health outcome using established criteria based on the quantity and quality of studies and strength of effect. The volume, intensity, and type of physical activity were considered. Results Physical activity was associated with numerous health benefits. The dose-response relations observed in observational studies indicate that the more physical activity, the greater the health benefit. Results from experimental studies indicate that even modest amounts of physical activity can have health benefits in high-risk youngsters (e.g., obese). To achieve substantive health benefits, the physical activity should be of at least a moderate intensity. Vigorous intensity activities may provide even greater benefit. Aerobic-based activities had the greatest health benefit, other than for bone health, in which case high-impact weight bearing activities were required. Conclusion The following recommendations were made: 1) Children and youth 5-17 years of age should accumulate an average of at least 60 minutes per day and up to several hours of at least moderate intensity physical activity. Some of the health benefits can be achieved through an average of 30 minutes per day. [Level 2, Grade A]. 2) More vigorous intensity activities should be incorporated or added when possible, including activities that strengthen muscle and bone [Level 3, Grade B]. 3) Aerobic activities should make up the majority of the physical activity. Muscle and bone strengthening activities should be incorporated on at least 3 days of the week [Level 2, Grade A].

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Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in the Mental Health of Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maria Rodriguez-Ayllon, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Fernando Estévez-López … (2019)

Evidence suggests that participation in physical activity may support young people's current and future mental health. Although previous reviews have examined the relationship between physical activity and a range of mental health outcomes in children and adolescents, due to the large increase in published studies there is a need for an update and quantitative synthesis of effects.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider Hamdani:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-0869

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): ScientificWorldJournal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ScientificWorldJournal

Journal ID (publisher-id): tswj

Title: The Scientific World Journal

Publisher: Hindawi

ISSN (Print): 2356-6140

ISSN (Electronic): 1537-744X

Publication date Collection: 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 7 September 2022

Volume: 2022

Electronic Location Identifier: 6402028

Affiliations

¹Faculty of Sport Science, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

²Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, Department of Sports Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

³School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China

⁴School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China

⁵Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Author notes

Academic Editor: Cornelis H. Pameijer

Author information

Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider Hamdani https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-0869

Zhuang Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-7418

Syed Ghufran Hadier https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-5886

Article

DOI: 10.1155/2022/6402028

PMC ID: 9473884

PubMed ID: 36118288

SO-VID: 4b42f632-309b-454d-8a42-ecbd978025a5

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 1 July 2022

Date revision received : 16 August 2022

Date accepted : 20 August 2022

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Relationship between Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with Health-Related Physical Fitness Indicators among Pakistani School Adolescents: Yaali-Pak Study

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Most cited references 57

Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health.

Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth

Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in the Mental Health of Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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