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      Validade de constructo de escala de apoio social do Medical Outcomes Study adaptada para o português no Estudo Pró-Saúde Translated title: Construct validity of the Medical Outcomes Study's social support scale adapted to Portuguese in the Pró-Saúde Study

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          Abstract

          Este artigo verifica a validade de constructo da escala de apoio social utilizada em um estudo de coorte de trabalhadores de uma universidade no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Estudo Pró-Saúde). Os dados foram obtidos na primeira etapa do estudo, realizada em 1999, na qual 4.030 funcionários técnico-administrativos completaram, no ambiente de trabalho, um questionário multidimensional e autopreenchível. Associações entre as dimensões de apoio social e características sócio-demográficas, relacionadas à saúde e ao bem-estar, foram avaliadas. Por meio da análise fatorial, foi possível discriminar três dimensões de apoio: interação social positiva/apoio afetivo; apoio emocional/de informação; e apoio material. Foram confirmadas as hipóteses de que indivíduos menos solitários, com melhor estado de saúde auto-referido, com relato de participação mais freqüente em atividades sociais em grupo e sem suspeição para transtornos mentais comuns teriam maior percepção de apoio social. Conclui-se que há evidências de que o instrumento apresenta validade de constructo, indicando-se sua utilização em análises futuras, no âmbito do Estudo Pró-Saúde e em populações similares.

          Translated abstract

          This paper evaluates the construct validity of the Medical Outcomes Study's social support scale adapted to Portuguese, when utilized in a cohort study among non-faculty civil servants at a university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Pró-Saúde Study). Baseline data were obtained in 1999, when 4,030 participants (92.0% of those eligible) completed a multidimensional self-administered questionnaire at the workplace. From the original scale's five social support dimensions, factor analysis of the data extracted only three dimensions: positive social interaction/affective support; emotional/information support; and material support. We estimated associations between social support dimensions and socio-demographic, health, and well being-related characteristics. We confirmed the hypotheses that less isolated individuals, those with better self-rated health, those who reported more participation in group activities, and those with no evidence of common mental disorders reported better perception of social support. In conclusion, we found good evidence for a high construct validity of this scale, supporting its use in future analyses in the Pró-Saúde Study and in similar population groups.

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          Most cited references83

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          The MOS social support survey

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            From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium.

            It is widely recognized that social relationships and affiliation have powerful effects on physical and mental health. When investigators write about the impact of social relationships on health, many terms are used loosely and interchangeably including social networks, social ties and social integration. The aim of this paper is to clarify these terms using a single framework. We discuss: (1) theoretical orientations from diverse disciplines which we believe are fundamental to advancing research in this area; (2) a set of definitions accompanied by major assessment tools; and (3) an overarching model which integrates multilevel phenomena. Theoretical orientations that we draw upon were developed by Durkheim whose work on social integration and suicide are seminal and John Bowlby, a psychiatrist who developed attachment theory in relation to child development and contemporary social network theorists. We present a conceptual model of how social networks impact health. We envision a cascading causal process beginning with the macro-social to psychobiological processes that are dynamically linked together to form the processes by which social integration effects health. We start by embedding social networks in a larger social and cultural context in which upstream forces are seen to condition network structure. Serious consideration of the larger macro-social context in which networks form and are sustained has been lacking in all but a small number of studies and is almost completely absent in studies of social network influences on health. We then move downstream to understand the influences network structure and function have on social and interpersonal behavior. We argue that networks operate at the behavioral level through four primary pathways: (1) provision of social support; (2) social influence; (3) on social engagement and attachment; and (4) access to resources and material goods.
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              The Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire. Measurement of social support in family medicine patients.

              A 14-item, self-administered, multidimensional, functional social support questionnaire was designed and evaluated on 401 patients attending a family medicine clinic. Patients were selected from randomized time-frame sampling blocks during regular office hours. The population was predominantly white, female, married, and under age 45. Eleven items remained after test-retest reliability was assessed over a 1- to 4-week follow-up period. Factor analysis and item remainder analysis reduced the remaining 11 items to a brief and easy-to-complete two-scale, eight-item functional social support instrument. Construct validity, concurrent validity, and discriminant validity are demonstrated for the two scales (confidant support--five items and affective support--three items). Factor analysis and correlations with other measures of social support suggest that the three remaining items (visits, instrumental support, and praise) are distinct entities that may need further study.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-4464
                June 2005
                : 21
                : 3
                : 703-714
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brasil
                [3 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S0102-311X2005000300004
                10.1590/S0102-311X2005000300004
                15868028
                4af6e829-6199-4be4-93b2-46ccdd411f94

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-311X&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                Social Support,Cohort Studies,Questionnaires,Apoio Social,Estudos de Coortes,Questionários

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