Cancer patterns in Nainital and adjoining districts of Uttarakhand: A one year survey

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Abstract

A survey was conducted to determine the cancer profile in Nainital and adjoining districts of Uttarakhand. Epidemiological information was collected from the records of patients with confirmed cancer cases. A total of 354 cases were studied for the year 2010. Lung cancer was found to be leading cancer type (17.23%) overall. Breast cancer was most prevalent in females (22.29%) followed by cervical (14.86%) and ovarian cancers (13.51%). Men were mainly suffering from tobacco- and alcohol-related cancers, e.g., lungs (26.21%), larynx (11.16%), oropharynx (9.7%), oral cavity (6.79%), and esophagus (6.79%). Cancers of unknown primary site (1.41%) were also detected.

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Trends in the survival of patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the Nordic countries 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006.

Laufey Tryggvadottir, H Storm, Mette Gislum … (2010)

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women worldwide in terms of both incidence and mortality. European patients have generally high 5-year relative survival ratios, and the Nordic countries, except for Denmark, have ratios among the highest. Based on the NORDCAN database we present trends in age-standardised incidence and mortality rates of invasive breast cancer in the Nordic countries, alongside 5- and 10-year relative survival for the period of diagnosis 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006. Excess mortality rates are also provided for varying follow-up intervals after diagnosis. The analysis is confined to invasive breast cancer in Nordic women. Incidence increased rapidly in all five countries, whereas mortality remained almost unchanged. Both incidence and mortality rates were highest in Denmark. Between 1964 and 2003 both 5- and 10-year relative survival increased by 20-30 percentage points in all countries, and 10-year survival remained around 10 percentage points lower than 5-year survival. Relative survival was lowest in Denmark throughout the period, with a 5-year survival of 79% for years 1999-2003, but 83-87% in the other countries. From 1964 the youngest women had the highest survival ratios up until the introduction of screening, when a shift occurred towards higher survival among age groups 50-59 and 60-69 in each country, except for Denmark. Excess death rates during the first months after diagnosis were highest in Denmark. Breast cancer survival is high and rising in the Nordic countries, and probably relates to the early implementation of organised mammography screening in each country except Denmark and a high and relatively uniform standard of living, diagnosis and treatment. Denmark stands out with higher mortality and poorer survival. The major determinants may include a failure to instigate national breast screening and a greater co-morbidity resulting from a higher prevalence of both tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.

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Risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi.

S Pakseresht, G. K. Ingle, A K Bahadur … (2015)

The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise in India, breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in Indian women. The aim of this study was to find out the association of various risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi. This was a case-control study in Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. 332 women were studied. Subjects were women with breast cancer (N = 115) and age matched Control subjects (N-217) without breast cancer, attending Lok Nayak Hospital during 2006. Subjects were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The risk factors studied were: age, parity, socioeconomic status, marital status, breast feeding, menarche, menopause, family history. Data was expressed in proportion. Age of the patient ranged from 25 to 80 years. In this study, 69 (60%) cases and 127 (58.5%) controls were illiterate, the mean duration sum of total breast feeding for all children was 6.58 years in cases and 7.4 years in controls (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.17 - 3.13) (P P P< 0.05). There was a significant difference between breast cancer cases and controls in relation to place of residence, occupation, marital status, body mass index and breast feeding.

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Profile of breast cancer patients at a tertiary care hospital in north India.

D S Sandhu, Hardas Sandhu, R Karwasra … (2015)

We carried out this study in order to know the epidemiology and management strategies for breast cancer patients in our patient population. The epidemiological data pertaining to demography and risk factors for carcinoma breast were analyzed retrospectively in patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital of North India. Hospital records of 304 patients admitted for over a period of five years (January 1998 to December 2002) were used for data analysis. Paired T-test. Mean age of our female breast cancer patients was found to be lower compared to the western world, with an average difference of one decade. A majority of the patients were from a rural background and had a longer duration of symptoms compared to urban patients. Lump in the breast was a dominant symptom. Familial breast cancer was uncommon. Left sided breast cancer was slightly preponderant. Screening by mammography and staging procedures such as bone scan, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were sparsely used. The most common histology was infiltrating duct carcinoma. Modified radical mastectomy was found to be a safe operative procedure. Breast conservative surgery, although considered the gold standard in early breast cancer, was found unsuitable for our patients, due to the social background and lack of intensive radiotherapy and chemotherapy backup. Infiltrating duct carcinoma was more commonly associated with positive lymph nodes compared to other histopathologies. Cases operated by surgical oncologists had better axillary clearance. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used mainly by surgical oncologists suggesting a more rational approach toward the management of breast carcinoma.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Nat Sci Biol Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Nat Sci Biol Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): JNSBM

Title: Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine

Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )

ISSN (Print): 0976-9668

ISSN (Electronic): 2229-7707

Publication date (Print): Jul-Dec 2012

Volume: 3

Issue: 2

Pages: 186-188

Affiliations

[1] Institute of Allied Health (Paramedical) Services, Education and Training, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India .

[1 ] Swami Ram Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Govt. Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India .

[2 ] Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Dr. Arundhati Bag, Assistant Professor, Institute of Allied Health (Paramedical) Services, Education and Training, Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand 263 139, India. E-mail: arundhatis5@ 123456rediffmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: JNSBM-3-186

DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.101911

PMC ID: 3510915

PubMed ID: 23225983

SO-VID: 48e7494e-41c1-40ec-b9f4-331938e66558

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cancer patterns in Nainital and adjoining districts of Uttarakhand: A one year survey

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Most cited references 8

Trends in the survival of patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the Nordic countries 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006.

Risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi.

Profile of breast cancer patients at a tertiary care hospital in north India.

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