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      The origin of species by means of natural drift Translated title: El origen de las especies por medio de la deriva natural

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          Abstract

          In this article we propose that the mechanism that gave rise to the diversity of living systems that we find today, as well as to the biosphere as coherent system of interrelated autonomous living systems, is natural drift. And we also propose that that which we biologists connote with the expression natural selection is a consequence of the history of the constitution of the biosphere through natural drift, and not the mechanism that generates that history. Moreover, we do this by proposing: a) that the history of living systems on earth is the history of the arising, conservation, and diversification of lineages through reproduction, and not of populations; b) that biological reproduction is a systemic process of conservation of a particular ontogenic-phenotype/ontogenic- niche relation, and not a genetic process of conservation of some genetic constitution; c) that a lineage arises in the systemic reproductive conservation of an ontogenic-phenotype/ontogenic-niche relation, and not in the conservation of a particular genotype; d) that although nothing can happen in the life history of a living system that is not permitted by its total genotype, whatever happens in it arises in an epigenetic manner, and it is not possible to properly claim that any features that arises in the life history of an organism is genetically determined; e) that it is behavior what guides the course of the history of living systems, not genetics; and f) that that which a taxonomist distinguishes when he or she claims that an organism belongs to a particular species, is a particular ontogenic phenotype/ontogenic niche relation that occupies a nodal position in the historical diversification of lineages

          Translated abstract

          En éste ensayo proponemos que el mecanismo que ha originado la diversidad de seres vivos que encontramos hoy día, y que también ha originado a la biosfera como un sistema coherente de seres vivos autónomos e interrelacionados, es la deriva natural. Y también proponemos que aquello que los biólogos connotamos con la expresión selección natural, es una consecuencia de la historia de la constitución de la biosfera por medio de la deriva natural, y no el mecanismo que genera esta historia. Además, en el desarrollo de estas nociones, proponemos: a) que la historia de los seres vivos en la Tierra es la historia del surgimiento, conservación y diversificación de linajes, y no de poblaciones; b) que la reproducción biológica es un proceso sistémico de conservación de una particular relación fenotipo ontogénico/nicho ontogénico, y no un proceso genético de conservación de algún particular genotipo o constitución genética; c) que un linaje surge en la conservación sistémica reproductiva de una relación fenotipo ontogénico/nicho ontogénico, y no en la conservación de un genotipo particular; d) que aunque en la ontogenia de un ser vivo no pueda ocurrir nada que no esté permitido por su genotipo total, cualquier cosa que ocurra surge de un modo epigenético, de manera que no es posible sostener que las características estructurales que surgen en la ontogenia de un organismo están genéticamente determinadas; e) que es la conducta, y no la genética, el factor central que guía el curso de la historia de los sistemas vivos; y f) que aquello que un taxónomo distingue cuando él o ella afirma que un organismo pertenece a una especie particular, es una particular relación fenotipo ontogénico/nicho ontogénico, que ocupa una posición nodal en la historia de diversificación del linaje

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          The Stepping Stone Model of Population Structure and the Decrease of Genetic Correlation with Distance.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchnat
                Revista chilena de historia natural
                Rev. chil. hist. nat.
                Sociedad de Biología de Chile (Santiago, , Chile )
                0716-078X
                June 2000
                : 73
                : 2
                : 261-310
                Affiliations
                [01] Santiago orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Departamento de Biología Chile hmaturan@ 123456uchile.cl
                Article
                S0716-078X2000000200005 S0716-078X(00)07300205
                10.4067/S0716-078X2000000200005
                fe359f04-f9a9-49bd-84bb-340876624068

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 January 2000
                : 03 January 1999
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 50
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICLES

                selección natural, linaje,especie,evolution,natural drift,natural selection,lineage,organism,species,organismo,deriva natural,evolución

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