<p class="first" id="d9670589e497">This multicenter longitudinal study examines long-term
weight change and health status
following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e503">Question</h5>
<p id="d9670589e505">What are the 7-year weight and comorbid health changes following
Roux-en-Y gastric
bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding?
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e508">Findings</h5>
<p id="d9670589e510">In this multicenter longitudinal study, 7-year mean weight loss
was 28.4% with weight
regain after 3 years of 3.9% for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 14.9% with 1.4% weight
regain for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. The prevalence of dyslipidemia
was reduced 7 years following both procedures, and diabetes and hypertension prevalence
were reduced following gastric bypass; remission of diabetes at 7 years was 60.2%
for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 20.3% for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e513">Meaning</h5>
<p id="d9670589e515">Most participants maintained much of their weight loss with variable
fluctuations
over the longer term, and comorbid health improvements were sustained after Roux-en-Y
gastric bypass.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e519">Importance</h5>
<p id="d9670589e521">More information is needed about the durability of weight loss
and health improvements
after bariatric surgical procedures.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e524">Objective</h5>
<p id="d9670589e526">To examine long-term weight change and health status following
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
(RYGB) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e529">Design, Setting, and Participants</h5>
<p id="d9670589e531">The Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) study
is a multicenter observational
cohort study at 10 US hospitals in 6 geographically diverse clinical centers. Adults
undergoing bariatric surgical procedures as part of clinical care between 2006 and
2009 were recruited and followed up until January 31, 2015. Participants completed
presurgery, 6-month, and annual research assessments for up to 7 years.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e534">Main Outcome and Measures</h5>
<p id="d9670589e536">Percentage of weight change from baseline, diabetes, dyslipidemia,
and hypertension,
determined by physical measures, laboratory testing, and medication use.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e539">Results</h5>
<p id="d9670589e541">Of 2348 participants, 1738 underwent RYGB (74%) and 610 underwent
LAGB (26%). For
RYBG, the median age was 45 years (range, 19-75 years), the median body mass index
(calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was 47 (range,
34-81), 1389 participants (80%) were women, and 257 participants (15%) were nonwhite.
For LAGB, the median age was 48 years (range, 18-78), the body mass index was 44 (range,
33-87), 465 participants (76%) were women, and 63 participants (10%) were nonwhite.
Follow-up weights were obtained in 1300 of 1569 (83%) eligible for a year-7 visit.
Seven years following RYGB, mean weight loss was 38.2 kg (95% CI, 36.9-39.5), or 28.4%
(95% CI, 27.6-29.2) of baseline weight; between years 3 and 7 mean weight regain was
3.9% (95% CI, 3.4-4.4) of baseline weight. Seven years after LAGB, mean weight loss
was 18.8 kg (95% CI, 16.3-21.3) or 14.9% (95% CI, 13.1-16.7), with 1.4% (95% CI, 0.4-2.4)
regain. Six distinct weight change trajectory patterns for RYGB and 7 for LAGB were
identified. Most participants followed trajectories in which weight regain from 3
to 7 years was small relative to year-3 weight loss, but patterns were variable. Compared
with baseline, dyslipidemia prevalence was lower 7 years following both procedures;
diabetes and hypertension prevalence were lower following RYGB only. Among those with
diabetes at baseline (488 of 1723 with RYGB [28%]; 175 of 604 with LAGB [29%]), the
proportion in remission at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years were 71.2% (95% CI, 67.0-75.4), 69.4%
(95% CI, 65.0-73.8), 64.6% (95% CI, 60.0-69.2), and 60.2% (95% CI, 54.7-65.6), respectively,
for RYGB and 30.7% (95% CI, 22.8-38.7), 29.3% (95% CI, 21.6-37.1), 29.2% (95% CI,
21.0-37.4), and 20.3% (95% CI, 9.7-30.9) for LAGB. The incidence of diabetes at all
follow-up assessments was less than 1.5% for RYGB. Bariatric reoperations occurred
in 14 RYGB and 160 LAGB participants.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e544">Conclusions and Relevance</h5>
<p id="d9670589e546">Following bariatric surgery, different weight loss patterns were
observed, but most
participants maintained much of their weight loss with variable fluctuations over
the long term. There was some decline in diabetes remission over time, but the incidence
of new cases is low following RYGB.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d9670589e549">Trial Registration</h5>
<p id="d9670589e551">clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:
<a data-untrusted="" href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00465829" id="d9670589e553"
target="xrefwindow">NCT00465829</a>
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