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      La visión europea de la dictadura moderna a principios del siglo XIX: El Dr. Francia en Paraguay

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          Abstract

          Resumen Para el público culto de principios del siglo XIX, el dirigente paraguayo José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia era una figura tan misteriosa como desconcertante. Los pocos viajeros que llegaron a conocerlo se expresaron de forma ambivalente sobre Francia y calificaron su gobierno a veces de forma admirable y más a menudo de forma despectiva como una dictadura. Al principio de la modernidad, para los que escribieron sobre el problema de la dictadura, Francia se erigió en símbolo del cambio de significado del término “dictador”, que pasó de ser un gobernante legítimo, temporal y, por tanto, positivo en una emergencia, a un tirano ilegítimo. ¿Cómo percibieron los observadores europeos a Francia? ¿Qué importancia tenía el hecho de que Francia gobernara en una región que acababa de separarse del dominio colonial español y se había declarado república? ¿Cuáles fueron los motivos de la evaluación de Francia y qué generalizaciones se asociaron con ella para toda la región y con la dictadura en general? El artículo aborda esta cuestión basándose en las fuentes publicadas al respecto, desde Rengger y Robertson hasta Caldcleugh y otros.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract To the educated public of the early 19th century, Paraguayan leader José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia was a figure as mysterious as he was puzzling. The few travelers who came to know him expressed themselves ambivalently about Francia and described his government sometimes admiringly and more often disparagingly as a dictatorship. At the beginning of modernity, for those who dealt with the problem of dictatorship, Francia stood as a symbol of the change in meaning of the term "dictator" from a legitimate, temporary, and therefore positive ruler in an emergency to an illegitimate tyrant. How did European observers perceive Francia? What was the significance of Francia ruling in a region that had just broken away from Spanish colonial rule and declared itself a republic? What were the reasons for the assessment of Francia and what generalizations were associated with it for the entire region and with the dictatorship in general? This paper addresses this question based on published sources on the subject, from Rengger and Robertson to Caldcleugh and others.

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          Most cited references75

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          Buenos Ayres and the Provinces of the Rio de la Plata

          W. Parish (1852)
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            The Rise and Fall of the Paraguayan Republic, 1800–1870

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              Paraguay's Autonomous Revolution 1810-1840

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bihaar
                Boletín del Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana Dr. Emilio Ravignani
                Bol. Inst. Hist. Argent. Am. Dr. Emilio Ravignani
                Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani" (Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                0524-9767
                1850-2563
                2022
                : 57
                : 49-61
                Affiliations
                [1] Berlin orgnameFreie Universität Berlin Germany stefan.rinke@ 123456fu-berlin.de
                Article
                S0524-97672022000200049 S0524-9767(22)00005700049
                10.34096/bol.rav.n57.11491
                f4bf4d7b-283d-4192-9444-c141a738c518

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 August 2021
                : 26 April 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 75, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Artículos

                Dictadura,Dr Francia,Paraguay - historia siglo XIX,Europe and Latin America,Perceptions,Conceptual History,Dictatorship,Dr. Francia,Paraguay – History 19th Century,Europa y América Latina,Percepciones,Historia conceptual

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