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      Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre dengue en estudiantes de educación primaria en Chorrillos, Lima, Perú Translated title: Knowledge, attitudes and practices about dengue fever in elementary school students in Chorrillos, Lima, Peru

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          Abstract

          Objetivos. Evaluar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre dengue, medidas de prevención y control, e identificar los factores asociados a su desconocimiento, en alumnos de una institución educativa estatal. Diseño. Estudio observacional transversal. Lugar. Institución educativa estatal en Chorrillos, Lima, Perú. Participantes. Alumnos de educación primaria. Métodos. En el año 2013, se encuestaron 142 alumnos del quinto y sexto grado de educación primaria y se exploró la percepción en 12 brigadieres en base a la técnica proyectiva. Principales medidas de resultados. Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre dengue. Resultados. El 53,5 % (76) era varón y el promedio de edad fue 11,2 con ± 1,05 años. El 33,1 % (47; IC95% 25,4 a 41,4) de los estudiantes tenía un conocimiento básico de dengue y 53,5% (76) identificaron la forma de transmisión vectorial del dengue. El 29,6 % (42; IC95% 22,2 a 37,8) de los escolares reconocieron las larvas y 54,2% (77) la forma adulta del vector. El 5,6% (8) y 2,1% (3) de los encuestados identificaron el larvicida y el cambio de arena húmeda de los floreros como medidas de prevención de la infestación domiciliaria. El 75,4% (75; IC95% 67,4 a 82,2) de los niños aceptarían participar en la búsqueda del vector, con diferencias significativas entre los niños y las niñas (p=0,049238). El no haber recibido información previa se asoció a no tener conocimiento básico de dengue (OR=3,7; IC95% 1,7 a 8,3; p= 0,0004676). Conclusiones. Los conocimientos de los estudiantes sobre los signos y síntomas y la forma de transmisión del dengue, las características del vector y las medidas de prevención del dengue fueron bajos y el no recibir información se asoció al desconocimiento del dengue.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives. To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on dengue fever, measures for prevention and control, and to identify factors related to unawareness in public elementary school students in the district of Chorrillos, Lima, Peru. Design. Cross sectional observational study. Setting. State elementary institution in Chorrillos district, Lima, Peru. Participants. Students of elementary school. Methods. In the year 2013, 142 students from fifth and sixth grade answered a survey questionnaire. We explored the perception among 12 school brigadiers using the projective technique. Main outcome measures. Knowledge, attitudes and practices about dengue. Results. In the study, 53.5% students were boys (76), mean age 11.2 ± 1.05 years old; 33.1% (47; CI95% 25.4-41.4) had basic knowledge about dengue; 53.5% (76) were able to identify dengue virus’ mechanism of vertical transmission; 29.6% of students (42; CI95% 22.2-37.8) were able to identify the larvae and 54.2% (77) identified the adult flying mosquito. Only 5.6% (8) and 2.1% (3) knew respectively of larvicides and using wet sand in flower vases as measures of control at home; 75.4% of the boys (75; CI95% 67.4-82.2) were willing to participate in active control of the mosquito vector, with statistical difference between boys and girls (p = 0.049238). Not having previous information led to not having basic knowledge about dengue (OR = 3.7; CI95% 1.7-8.3) (p = 0.0004676) Conclusion. The knowledge among students about clinical features, mode of transmission, vector and measures of prevention and control of the dengue virus were low because they had not received appropriate information.

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          Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects

          Dengue is currently regarded globally as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease. A history of symptoms compatible with dengue can be traced back to the Chin Dynasty of 265–420 AD. The virus and its vectors have now become widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world, particularly over the last half-century. Significant geographic expansion has been coupled with rapid increases in incident cases, epidemics, and hyperendemicity, leading to the more severe forms of dengue. Transmission of dengue is now present in every World Health Organization (WHO) region of the world and more than 125 countries are known to be dengue endemic. The true impact of dengue globally is difficult to ascertain due to factors such as inadequate disease surveillance, misdiagnosis, and low levels of reporting. Currently available data likely grossly underestimates the social, economic, and disease burden. Estimates of the global incidence of dengue infections per year have ranged between 50 million and 200 million; however, recent estimates using cartographic approaches suggest this number is closer to almost 400 million. The expansion of dengue is expected to increase due to factors such as the modern dynamics of climate change, globalization, travel, trade, socioeconomics, settlement and also viral evolution. No vaccine or specific antiviral therapy currently exists to address the growing threat of dengue. Prompt case detection and appropriate clinical management can reduce the mortality from severe dengue. Effective vector control is the mainstay of dengue prevention and control. Surveillance and improved reporting of dengue cases is also essential to gauge the true global situation as indicated in the objectives of the WHO Global Strategy for Dengue Prevention and Control, 2012–2020. More accurate data will inform the prioritization of research, health policy, and financial resources toward reducing this poorly controlled disease. The objective of this paper is to review historical and current epidemiology of dengue worldwide and, additionally, reflect on some potential reasons for expansion of dengue into the future.
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            Global strategy for dengue prevention and control 2012–2020

            (2012)
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              Conhecimentos da população sobre dengue, seus vetores e medidas de controle em São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo

              Desde 1985, vêm sendo realizadas, pelos órgãos de saúde, campanhas educativas institucionais para esclarecer a população sobre dengue, seus vetores e medidas de controle a serem adotadas. Para medir o nível de conhecimento da população de São José do Rio Preto, SP, aplicou-se, nos meses de abril e maio de 1995, um inquérito domiciliar em uma amostra de 537 residências da área urbana da cidade, entrevistando-se mesmo número de mulheres com perguntas sobre dengue, seus vetores e medidas de controle. Os conhecimentos demonstrados foram bastante satisfatórios, com exceção daqueles sobre a doença hemorrágica. Essa aquisição de conhecimentos, entretanto, não tem sido acompanhada da adoção das medidas de controle necessárias e não foi suficiente para a diminuição dos níveis de infestação dos vetores da dengue no município.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
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                Role: ND
                Role: ND
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                Journal
                afm
                Anales de la Facultad de Medicina
                An. Fac. med.
                Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Medicina
                1025-5583
                April 2016
                : 77
                : 2
                : 129-135
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Perú
                Article
                S1025-55832016000200006
                10.15381/anales.v77i2.11817
                f0bca023-3e26-448d-9784-27ee8e85fcca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Categories
                HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
                HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES
                INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
                MEDICAL ETHICS
                MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
                MEDICINE, LEGAL
                MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
                PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

                Social law,General medicine,Medicine,Clinical chemistry,Internal medicine,Complementary & Alternative medicine,Health & Social care,Public health
                Técnicas Proyectivas,Actitudes y Práctica en Salud,Knowledge,Students,Estudiantes,Dengue,Projective Techniques,Practice,Conocimientos,Attitudes

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