1
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Impact of COVID-19 on a rare disease (uveal melanoma) in a national reference unit of intraocular tumors in Spain Translated title: Impacto del COVID-19 en una enfermedad rara (melanoma uveal) en una unidad de referencia nacional de tumores intraoculares en España

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objective

          To analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and management of uveal melanoma (a tumour included in the Orphanet catalogue of rare diseases) in a Spanish national reference unit for intraocular tumours during the first year of the pandemic.

          Method

          An observational retrospective study of patients with uveal melanoma in the National Reference Unit for Adult Intraocular Tumors of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (Spain) was performed, analysing the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods: from March 15, 2019 to March 15, 2020 and from March 16, 2020 to March 16, 2021. Demographic data, diagnostic delay, tumour size, extraocular extension, treatment and evolution were collected. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors that were associated with the variable: enucleation.

          Results

          Eighty-two patients with uveal melanoma were included, of which 42 (51.21%) belonged to the pre-COVID-19 period and 40(40.78%) to the post-COVID-19 period. An increase in tumour size at diagnosis and in the number of enucleations was observed during the post-COVID-19 period (p < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that both medium-large tumour size and patients diagnosed in the post-COVID-19 period were independently related to an increased risk of enucleation (OR 250, 95%CI, 27.69–2256.37; p < 0.01 and OR 10; 95%CI, 1.10–90.25; p = 0.04, respectively).

          Conclusions

          The increase in tumour size observed in uveal melanomas diagnosed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic may have favored the increase in the number of enucleations performed during that period.

          Translated abstract

          Objetivo

          Analizar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el diagnóstico y manejo del melanoma uveal (tumor incluido en el catálogo de enfermedades raras por Orphanet), en una unidad de referencia nacional española de tumores intraoculares, durante el primer año de pandemia.

          Materiales y métodos

          Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional de pacientes con melanoma uveal en la Unidad de Referencia Nacional de Tumores Intraoculares del Adulto del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (España), analizando los periodos pre- y post-COVID-19: del 15 de marzo de 2019 al 15 de marzo de 2020 y del 16 marzo de 2020 al 16 de marzo de 2021. Se recogieron datos demográficos, demora diagnóstica, tamaño del tumor, extensión extraocular, tratamiento y evolución. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística multivariable para identificar los factores que se asociaron a la variable: enucleación.

          Resultados

          Se incluyeron 82 pacientes con melanoma uveal, de los cuales 42(51,21%) pertenecían al periodo pre-COVID-19 y 40(40,78%) al periodo post-COVID-19. Se observó un aumento del tamaño tumoral al diagnóstico y del número de enucleaciones durante el periodo post-COVID-19 (p < 0,05). La regresión logística multivariable demostró que tanto el tamaño tumoral mediano-grande como los pacientes diagnosticados en el periodo post-COVID-19 estaban relacionados de forma independiente con un riesgo mayor de enucleación (OR 250, IC95%, 27,69-2256,37; p < 0,01 y OR 10; IC95%,1,10-90,25; p = 0,04, respectivamente).

          Conclusiones

          El incremento del tamaño tumoral observado en los melanomas uveales diagnosticados durante el primer año de pandemia por COVID-19 pudo favorecer el aumento de las enucleaciones realizadas en dicho periodo.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Uveal melanoma: trends in incidence, treatment, and survival.

          To determine trends in incidence, treatment, and survival with primary uveal melanoma in the United States over a 36-year period from 1973 to 2008. Systematic review of existing databases. A total of 4070 patients with primary uveal melanoma (International Classification of Disease for Oncology [ICD-O-2] codes C69.3 [choroid], C69.4 [ciliary body and iris], and C69.2 [retina]) derived from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database in the United States from 1973 to 2008. The significance of trends in age-adjusted incidence, treatment, and 5-year relative survival rates were determined using chi-square testing and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Age-adjusted incidence, form of treatment (surgery, radiation, or both), and 5-year relative survival rates. There were 4070 cases of uveal melanoma representing 3.1% of all recorded cases of melanoma. The majority of cases (98.3%) were reported by hospital inpatient/outpatient clinics. Histopathologic confirmation was available in 2804 cases (72.1% for all years). The mean age-adjusted incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States was 5.1 per million (95% CI, 4.8-5.3). The majority of cases (97.8%) occurred in the white population. There was a statistically significant variation of age-adjusted incidence between sexes (male = 5.8, 95% CI, 5.5-6.2; and female = 4.4, 95% CI, 4.2-4.7). A decreasing trend was observed in patients treated with surgery alone (93.8% for 1973-1975 vs. 28.3% for 2006-2008), whereas a corresponding increase was seen in those treated with radiation (1.8% for 1973-1975 vs. 62.5% for 2006-2008). No change in the 5-year relative survival rate (81.6%) was observed from 1973 to 2008. The age-adjusted incidence of uveal melanoma (5.1 per million) has remained unchanged from 1973 to 2008. Despite a shift toward more conservative treatments, survival has not improved during this time period. Copyright © 2011 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Incidence of uveal melanoma in Europe.

            To estimate incidence rates of uveal melanoma in Europe from 1983 to 1994. Incidence analysis of data from cancer registries adhering to the European Cancer Registry-based study on survival and care of cancer patients (EUROCARE) (cases diagnosed from 1983 to 1994). Data of 6673 patients with ocular melanoma (as defined by International Classification of Diseases for Oncology morphology codes 8720 to 8780 [melanoma] and International Classification of Diseases 9 (ICD9) codes 190.0 [iris and ciliary body], 190.5 [retina], 190.6 [choroid], and 190.9 [unspecified ocular location]) from 33 cancer registries of 16 European countries. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were obtained from a multilevel Poisson regression model. Incidence rates and IRRs associated with demographic and geographic variables. Standardized incidence rates increased from south to north across registries, from a minimum of 8 per million in Norway and Denmark. The inclusion of tumors with unspecified ocular location (code 190.9) increased incidence rates in most United Kingdom registries, but not in the other geographic areas, where this code was seldom used for uveal melanomas. Incidence increased noticeably up to age 55 (IRR, 1.46 per 5 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-1.57) but leveled off after age 75 (IRR, 0.99 per 5 years; 95% CI, 0.93-1.05), with intermediate levels midway (IRR, 1.18 per 5 years; 95% CI, 1.12-1.23). It was also higher in males (IRR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.16-1.28). Rates were stable during the study period, but a cohort effect was evidenced, accounting for higher incidence rates in people born during the period 1910 to 1935 (P = 0.005). Incidence increased with latitude (P = 0.008), which explained most differences in rates among areas. In this large series of uveal melanomas, we found stable incidence during the years 1983 to 1994. The north-to-south decreasing gradient supports the protective role of ocular pigmentation. European ophthalmologists should develop guidelines to standardize the coding of tumors treated conservatively using the ICD classification to improve the registration and surveillance of uveal melanoma by cancer registries.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found

              The impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on ophthalmological emergency department visits

              Editor, The novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan and precipitously extended across the globe. On the evening of 9 March 2020, the Italian Government ordered a national lockdown to limit social interactions and contain the spread of the infection. As evident in other epidemics, peoples’ fear of infection may affect their utilization patterns of health services and reduce the access to health care (Chang et al. 2004). We have previously noted a significant change in the trends of eye injuries since the beginning of the lockdown (Pellegrini et al. 2020). Herein, we aimed to assess the influence of COVID‐19 on ophthalmological emergency department visits. We reviewed the charts of all patients presenting to the ophthalmological emergency department of the S.Orsola‐Malpighi University Hospital (Bologna, Italy) during 6 weeks of national lockdown (from March 10 to 20 April 2020), and compared them with those of the same period of the previous year. Retrieved data included patients' demographics, diagnosis and need for hospital admission. Diagnoses were categorized as unlikely to be emergent, likely to be emergent, and not determined, as previously described (Channa et al. 2016). The total number of ophthalmological emergency department visits during the 2019 study period was 2902 and decreased to 776 in the 2020 study period. Mean age of patients increased from 50.6 ± 22.6 to 53.2 ± 20.5 years (p = 0.003, Student's t‐test), and the proportion of children and adolescents decreased (from 10% to 5.3%). The percentage of males increased from 50.9% to 55.7% (p = 0.017, chi‐squared test). The conditions diagnosed in the two study periods are reported in Table 1. In the 2020 study period, the percentage of possibly emergent diagnoses increased (from 30.7% to 38.1%), while unlikely to be emergent diagnoses decreased (from 65.9% to 57.3%; p < 0.001, chi‐squared test). Patients requiring hospital admission were 27 in the 2019 study period (the indication was retinal detachment in 22 cases, open globe injury in two, corneal ulcer in one, angle closure glaucoma in one, and anterior migration of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in one) and nine in the 2020 study period (retinal detachment in eight cases and open globe injury in one). Table 1 Ophthalmological emergency department diagnoses in the 2019 study period (from March 10 to 20 April 2019) and 2020 study period (from March 10 to 20 April 2020). Diagnosis 2019 period 2020 period Unlikely to be emergent, No. (%) Conjunctivitis 812 (28.0) 148 (19.1) Hordeolum, chalazion, dermatitis 313 (10.8) 65 (8.4) Subconjunctival haemorrhage 204 (7.0) 28 (3.6) Dry eye disease 177 (6.1) 49 (6.3) Posterior vitreous detachment 170 (5.9) 70 (9.0) Other visual disturbances 91 (3.1) 36 (4.6) Retinopathy 66 (2.3) 28 (3.6) Entropion, ectropion, trichiasis 38 (1.3) 11 (1.4) Cataract 21 (0.7) 5 (0.6) Epiphora 19 (0.7) 5 (0.6) Possibly emergent, No. (%) Foreign body on external eye 229 (7.9) 79 (10.2) Corneal abrasion 217 (7.5) 76 (9.8) Keratitis 115 (4.0) 32 (4.1) Contusion of eyeball 99 (3.4) 23 (3.0) Ocular hypertension 46 (1.6) 19 (2.4) Uveitis 31 (1.1) 12 (1.5) Corneal ulcer 27 (0.9) 6 (0.8) Retinal detachment 22 (0.8) 8 (1.0) Retinal break 22 (0.8) 8 (1.0) Cranial nerve palsy 21 (0.7) 12 (1.5) Retinal vascular occlusion 17 (0.6) 5 (0.6) Vitreous haemorrhage 15 (0.5) 4 (0.5) Eyelid laceration 15 (0.5) 3 (0.4) Optic neuropathy 14 (0.5) 8 (1.0) Open globe injury 2 (0.1) 1 (0.1) Not determined, No. (%) Surgery‐related problems 22 (0.8) 11 (1.4 Other 77 (2.7) 24 (3.1) Total 2902 776 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency. During 6 weeks of national lockdown for COVID‐19, there was a 73% decrease in the number of ophthalmological emergency department visits compared to the same period of the previous year. This may be at least partially due to the measures applied during the lockdown. For instance, social distancing and school closure may limit the spread of infectious conjunctivitis, particularly among children and adolescents. In addition, many patients may choose to manage nonurgent conditions by themselves or through remote communication (e.g. via telephone or video) with their ophthalmologists. Therefore, it is understandable that the percentage of nonemergent diagnoses decreased. However, there was a substantial reduction also of potentially serious conditions, including those requiring urgent surgery such as retinal detachment. This may reflect the patients' reticence towards risking coronavirus exposure in healthcare settings, as reported anecdotally even for life‐threatening conditions such as myocardial infarction (Krumholz 2020). In agreement with this, a recent study documented a substantial decrease in paediatric emergency department visits across five Italian hospitals during the lockdown. In some cases, delayed access to hospital care due to the fear of infection resulted in intensive care unit admission or even death (Lazzerini et al. 2020). The reduced access to health care represents a serious public health concern, and patients with urgent ophthalmological conditions avoiding specialized treatment are at high risk of permanent vision loss. Therefore, it is essential to inform patients on the importance of not delaying needed ophthalmological treatment.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)
                Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)
                Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia
                Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.
                2173-5794
                17 April 2023
                17 April 2023
                Affiliations
                [a ]Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
                [b ]Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
                [c ]Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
                [d ]Servicio de Oftalmología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author.
                Article
                S2173-5794(23)00053-1
                10.1016/j.oftale.2023.04.007
                10110274
                37075839
                ee284d7e-5542-4f1a-ba18-2ffb5d3de544
                © 2023 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 19 December 2022
                : 31 January 2023
                Categories
                Original Article

                uveal melanoma,uveal neoplasms,covid-19,rare diseases,pandemics,melanoma uveal,neoplasias uveales,enfermedades raras,pandemias

                Comments

                Comment on this article