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      Metabolic changes during adventitious root primordium development in Tectona grandis Linn. f. (teak) cuttings as affected by age of donor plants and auxin (IBA and NAA) treatment

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      New Forests
      Springer Nature

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          Elicitation of Lignin Biosynthesis and Isoperoxidase Activity by Pectic Fragments in Suspension Cultures of Castor Bean

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            A two-step control of basic and acidic peroxidases and its significance for growth and development

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              Lignin synthesis and its related enzymes as markers of tracheary-element differentiation in single cells isolated from the mesophyll of Zinnia elegans.

              Mesophyll cells isolated from Zinnia elegans L. cv. Canary Bird were cultured for 96 h in a liquid medium containing 0.1 mg l(-1) α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 1 mg l(-1) benzyladenine in which both differentiation of tracheary elements (TE) and cell division were induced, or in a medium containing 0.1 mg l(-1) α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.001 mg l(-1) benzyladenine, in which cell division was induced but TE differentiation was not. Lignification was found to occur only in the former medium, fairly synchronously after 76 h of culture, 5 h later than the onset of visible secondary wall thickening. Changes in the soluble phenolics were not correlated with TE differentiation. Of three important enzymes which have been reported to play a role in TE differentiation, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5) in the TE-inductive culture was higher than that in the control culture between 72 and 96 h of culture, when TE differentiation progressed and lignin was synthesized actively. O-Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6) activity was higher in the control culture than in the TE-inductive culture, indicating that this enzyme was not a marker enzyme of TE differentiation. The activities of peroxidases (EC 1.11.1.7), one extractable and the other nonextractable, with CaCl2 from the cell walls, reached peaks at 72 h (just before lignification) and 84 h of culture (active lignin synthesis), respectively, in the TE-inductive culture only, whereas the activity of soluble peroxidase showed a similar pattern of increase in the TE-inductive to the control culture. These results indicate that phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase bound to the cell walls can be marker proteins for the differentiation of TE.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                New Forests
                New Forests
                Springer Nature
                0169-4286
                1573-5095
                March 29 2007
                December 19 2006
                : 33
                : 3
                : 309-323
                Article
                10.1007/s11056-006-9030-7
                e9306a6b-56a9-49be-9f5d-f66f442843a6
                © 2007
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