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      EVALUATION OF LANDFILL BIOGAS POTENTIAL IN BOLIVIA TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY Translated title: EVALUACIÓN DEL POTENCIAL DE BIOGAS DE RELLENOS SANITARIOS EN BOLIVIA PARA PRODUCIR ELECTRICIDAD

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          Abstract

          The potential to produce electricity using landfill biogas in Bolivia was studied in this article. There important locations (Santa Cruz, La Paz and Cochabamba) and their solid waste disposal characteristics were considered. LandGem first-order degradation model was used to quantify the biogas production from the landfill. Recommend values of k and Lo available in the open literature were used since in Bolivia there are few landfills and no specific data are available (humidity, nutrients, pH, temperature, etc.). An average of 55.2% of the total solid waste in Bolivia is organic waste that can be used in landfills. The results showed that Santa Cruz can produce more landfill biogas than La Paz and Cochabamba. Using the methane obtained from the landfill biogas in reciprocating combustion engines, it was found that Santa Cruz can produce more electricity (265 GWh) than La Paz (175 GWh) and Cochabamba (110.4 GWh). The current electricity price in Bolivia (35 U$D/MWh) was used to evaluate the prefeasibility of the project, representing an average income of 281,061.0 U$D/y for Santa Cruz and 161,000.0 U$D/y for La Paz and Cochabamba, respectively. However, the economic analysis showed that IRR of 6.2%can be achieved for Santa Cruz and 7.9% for La Paz and Cochabamba, respectively, also higher payback periods were obtained (more than 9 years). La Paz and Cochabamba had the higher IRR and less payback period since only one reciprocating engine was chosen to cover the largest period of methane production while Santa Cruz used two. The economic indicators can be improved if international electricity prices are applied. The results presented in this article could provide valuable information to the solid waste management industry, policy makers and investors.

          Translated abstract

          En el presente artículo se estudió el potencial de producción de electricidad con biogás de rellenos sanitarios en Bolivia. Se consideraron las ciudades más importantes (Santa Cruz, La Paz y Cochabamba) y sus características de eliminación de residuos sólidos. Se utilizó el modelo de degradación LandGem de primer orden para cuantificar la producción de biogás del relleno sanitario. Se usaron valores recomendados de k y Lo disponibles en la literatura abierta ya que en Bolivia hay pocos rellenos sanitarios y no hay datos específicos sobre la característica del desecho (humedad, nutrientes, pH, temperatura, etc.). Un promedio de 55.2% del total de desechos sólidos en Bolivia son residuos orgánicos que se pueden usar en rellenos sanitarios. Los resultados mostraron que Santa Cruz puede producir más biogás en vertederos que La Paz y Cochabamba. Usando el metano obtenido del biogás de relleno sanitario en motores de combustión interna, se encontró que Santa Cruz puede producir más electricidad (265 GWh) que La Paz (175 GWh) y Cochabamba (110.4 GWh). Se utilizó el valor actual de la electricidad en Bolivia (35 U$D/MWh) para evaluar la factibilidad del proyecto, lo cual representó un ingreso promedio de 281,061.0 U$D/año para Santa Cruz y 161,000.0 U$D/año para La Paz y Cochabamba. Sin embargo, el análisis económico mostró que un TIR de 6.2% se puede lograr para Santa Cruz y 7.9% para La Paz y Cochabamba respectivamente, también se obtuvieron mayores períodos de recuperación (más de 9 años). La Paz y Cochabamba tuvieron la TIR más alta y menos periodo de recuperación de la inversión, ya que sólo se eligió un motor de combustión interna para cubrir el período más largo de producción de metano, mientras que Santa Cruz utilizó dos. Los indicadores económicos pueden mejorarse si se aplican los precios internacionales de electricidad. Los resultados presentados en este artículo podrían proporcionar información valiosa a la industria de gestión de residuos sólidos, a los encargados de formular políticas y a los inversionistas.

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          Power generation with biogas from municipal solid waste: Prediction of gas generation with in situ parameters

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            Comparison between landfill gas and waste incineration for power generation in Astana, Kazakhstan.

            The city of Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, which has a population of 804,474, and has been experiencing rapid growth over the last 15 years, generates approximately 1.39 kg capita(-1) day(-1) of municipal solid waste (MSW). Nearly 700 tonnes of MSW are collected daily, of which 97% is disposed of at landfills. The newest landfill was built using modern technologies, including a landfill gas (LFG) collection system.The rapid growth of Astana demands more energy on its path to development, and the viability analysis of MSW to generate electricity is imperative. This paper presents a technical-economic pre-feasibility study comparing landfill including LFG utilization and waste incineration (WI) to produce electricity. The performance of LFG with a reciprocating engine and WI with steam turbine power technologies were compared through corresponding greenhouse gases (GHG) reduction, cost of energy production (CEP), benefit-cost ratio (BCR), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) from the analyses. Results demonstrate that in the city of Astana, WI has the potential to reduce more than 200,000 tonnes of GHG per year, while LFG could reduce slightly less than 40,000 tonnes. LFG offers a CEP 5.7% larger than WI, while the latter presents a BCR two times higher than LFG. WI technology analysis depicts a NPV exceeding 280% of the equity, while for LFG, the NPV is less than the equity, which indicates an expected remarkable financial return for the WI technology and a marginal and risky scenario for the LFG technology. Only existing landfill facilities with a LFG collection system in place may turn LFG into a viable project.
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              Trigeneration: A new way for landfill gas utilization and its feasibility in Hong Kong

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                riyd
                Investigación & Desarrollo
                Inv. y Des.
                UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA BOLIVIANA (Cochabamba, , Bolivia )
                1814-6333
                2518-4431
                2017
                : 1
                : 17
                : 55-62
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Privada Boliviana orgdiv1Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas y Energías(CIOE) jpvargas@ 123456upb.edu
                Article
                S2518-44312017000100006 S2518-4431(17)00101700006
                10.23881/idupbo.017.1-5i
                e73be390-fbf5-4d25-9e6c-d29dc211b721

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 June 2017
                : 14 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Categories
                ARTICLES - ENGINEERING

                Landfill Biogas,Solid Waste Management,Bolivia,Generación Alternativa de Electricidad,Manejo de Residuos Sólidos,Rellenos Sanitarios,Alternative Power Generation

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