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Abstract
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e149">Study Objectives:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e151">A single-item sleep quality scale (SQS) was developed as a simple
and practical sleep
quality assessment and psychometrically evaluated.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e154">Methods:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e156">SQS measurement characteristics were evaluated using the Pittsburgh
Sleep Quality
Index (PSQI) and morning questionnaire-insomnia (MQI) according to prespecified analysis
plans in separate clinical studies of patients with insomnia and depression. Patients
with insomnia (n = 70) received 4 weeks' usual care with an FDA-approved hypnotic
agent; patients with depression (n = 651) received 8 weeks' active or experimental
therapy.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e159">Results:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e161">Concurrent criterion validity (correlation with measures of a
similar construct) was
demonstrated by strong (inverse) correlations between the SQS and MQI (week 1 Pearson
correlation −.76) and PSQI (week 8 Goodman-Kruskal correlation −.92) sleep quality
items in populations with insomnia and depression, respectively. In patients with
depression, stronger correlations between the SQS and PSQI core sleep quality components
versus other items supported convergent/divergent construct validity (similarity/dissimilarity
to related/unrelated measures). Known-groups validity was evidenced by decreasing
mean SQS scores across those who sleep normally, those borderline to having sleep
problems, and those with problems sleeping. Test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation
coefficient) was .62 during a 4-week period of sleep stability in patients with insomnia
and .74 in stable patients with depression (1 week). Effect sizes (standardized response
means) for change from baseline were 1.32 (week 1) and .67 (week 8) in populations
with insomnia and depression, respectively. Mean SQS changes from baseline to week
8 convergently decreased across groups of patients with depression categorized by
level of PSQI sleep quality improvement.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e164">Conclusions:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e166">The SQS possesses favorable measurement characteristics relative
to lengthier or more
frequently administered sleep questionnaires in patients with insomnia and depression.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e169">Clinical Trial Registration:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e171">Registry: ClincalTrials.gov, Title: Treatment of Patients With
Major Depressive Disorder
With MK0869, Identifier: NCT00034983, URL:
<a data-untrusted="" href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00034983" id="d3744470e173"
target="xrefwindow">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00034983</a>
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d3744470e177">Citation:</h5>
<p id="d3744470e179">Snyder E, Cai B, DeMuro C, Morrison MF, Ball W. A new single-item
sleep quality scale:
results of psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic primary insomnia and depression.
<i>J Clin Sleep Med.</i> 2018;14(11):1849–1857.
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