4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Processos de substituição e variabilidade articulatória na fala de sujeitos com dispraxia verbal Translated title: Substitution processes and articulatory variability in the speech of subjects with verbal dyspraxia

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o papel das variáveis linguísticas na ocorrência dos processos de substituição na fala de sujeitos com dispraxia verbal (DV). Para isso, foi realizada a análise fonológica de sete sujeitos com idades entre 2:6 (anos:meses) e 4:2, com hipótese diagnóstica de DV. As ocorrências dos processos de substituições usuais e idiossincráticas, de assimilações e de variabilidade articulatória foram analisadas estatisticamente por meio do pacote computacional VARBRUL. A variável extensão da palavra foi estatisticamente significante para a ocorrência de assimilações e substituições não usuais, indicando que as variantes trissilábicas e polissilábicas foram as maiores favorecedoras de ocorrência desses processos. A tonicidade foi estatisticamente significante para a ocorrência da variabilidade articulatória e substituições usuais, sendo que o processo apresentou maior probabilidade de ocorrência em sílaba tônica e pós-tônica (sílabas dentro do pé métrico do acento), respectivamente. A classe de sons foi significativa para a realização de substituições usuais pelos sujeitos estudados, ocorrendo quando os segmentos são fonemas líquidos e fricativos. Por fim, a estrutura silábica foi estatisticamente significante para as substituições idiossincráticas. As posições de coda final e de onset simples medial foram as mais suscetíveis à ocorrência do processo. Os dados desta pesquisa sugerem que as substituições, de uma forma geral, tendem a ocorrer em palavras com mais de duas sílabas, em alvos líquidos e fricativos, dentro do pé-métrico do acento (em tônica e pós-tônica), em posição de onset simples medial e coda final.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of linguistic variables in the occurrence of substitution processes in the speech of subjects with verbal dyspraxia (VD). Therefore, it was carried out the phonological analysis of the speech of seven subjects with ages ranging from 2:6 (years:months) to 4:2 and diagnostic hypothesis of VD. The occurrences of usual and idiosyncratic substitution processes, assimilations and articulatory variability were statistically analyzed using the computational package VARBRUL. The variable word length was statistically significant for the occurrence of assimilations and unusual substitutions, indicating that trisyllabic and polysyllabic variants favored the highest occurrence of a process. Stress was statistically significant for the occurrence of articulatory variability and usual substitutions, showing that a process had higher probability of occurring in tonic and post-tonic syllables (syllables within the metrical foot of the accent), respectively. The class of sounds was significant for the use of usual substitutions by the subjects studied, occurring when the segments are liquid and fricative phonemes. Finally, the syllabic structure was statistically significant for idiosyncratic substitutions. The positions of final coda and simple medial onset were the most susceptible to the occurrence of a substitution process. The data of this study suggest that substitutions, in general, tend to occur in words with more than two syllables, in liquid and fricative targets, within the metrical foot of the accent (in post-tonic and tonic syllables), in simple medial onset and final coda positions.

          Related collections

          Most cited references14

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Effects of syllable frequency in speech production.

          In the speech production model proposed by [Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A., Meyer, A. S. (1999). A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, pp. 1-75.], syllables play a crucial role at the interface of phonological and phonetic encoding. At this interface, abstract phonological syllables are translated into phonetic syllables. It is assumed that this translation process is mediated by a so-called Mental Syllabary. Rather than constructing the motor programs for each syllable on-line, the mental syllabary is hypothesized to provide pre-compiled gestural scores for the articulators. In order to find evidence for such a repository, we investigated syllable-frequency effects: If the mental syllabary consists of retrievable representations corresponding to syllables, then the retrieval process should be sensitive to frequency differences. In a series of experiments using a symbol-position association learning task, we tested whether high-frequency syllables are retrieved and produced faster compared to low-frequency syllables. We found significant syllable frequency effects with monosyllabic pseudo-words and disyllabic pseudo-words in which the first syllable bore the frequency manipulation; no effect was found when the frequency manipulation was on the second syllable. The implications of these results for the theory of word form encoding at the interface of phonological and phonetic encoding; especially with respect to the access mechanisms to the mental syllabary in the speech production model by (Levelt et al.) are discussed.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Diagnostic criteria of developmental apraxia of speech used by clinical speech-language pathologists.

            The diagnostic criteria used to identify developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) have been at the center of controversy for decades. Despite the difficulty in determining the characteristics that differentiate DAS from other speech acquisition disorders, many children are identified with this disorder. The current report presents the criteria used by 75 speech-language pathologists to establish a diagnosis of DAS. Although 50 different characteristics were identified, 6 of these characteristics accounted for 51.5% of the responses. These characteristics included inconsistent productions, general oral-motor difficulties, groping, inability to imitate sounds, increasing difficulty with increased utterance length, and poor sequencing of sounds. These results are consistent with the general ambiguity of the diagnostic criteria of DAS and suggest that no single deficit is used among clinicians.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Variable Rules: Performance as a Statistical Reflection of Competence

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rsbf
                Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia
                Rev. soc. bras. fonoaudiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1516-8034
                1982-0232
                2009
                : 14
                : 4
                : 547-552
                Affiliations
                [02] Santa Maria RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana Brasil
                [01] Santa Maria RS orgnameCentro Comunicare Brasil
                Article
                S1516-80342009000400020 S1516-8034(09)01400420
                e5e0ed5c-6ff1-424f-8ca2-0374af0c0527

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 2009
                : 28 April 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Relatos de Caso

                Linguagem infantil,Case reports,Apraxias,Distúrbios da fala,Medida da produção da fala,Fonética,Relatos de casos,Speech disorders,Speech production measurement,Phonetics,Child language

                Comments

                Comment on this article