For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
9
views
89
references
 Top references
cited by
39
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
4 collections
    0
    shares
      119
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Characterization of humoral and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in people living with HIV

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          There is an urgent need to understand the nature of immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, to inform risk-mitigation strategies for people living with HIV (PLWH). Here we show that the majority of PLWH with ART suppressed HIV viral load, mount a detectable adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Humoral and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses are comparable between HIV-positive and negative subjects and persist 5-7 months following predominately mild COVID-19 disease. T cell responses against Spike, Membrane and Nucleoprotein are the most prominent, with SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 T cells outnumbering CD8 T cells. We further show that the overall magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses relates to the size of the naive CD4 T cell pool and the CD4:CD8 ratio in PLWH. These findings suggest that inadequate immune reconstitution on ART, could hinder immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 with implications for the individual management and vaccine effectiveness in PLWH.

          Abstract

          Understanding the pathology and immunological response to SARS CoV2 infection in specific patient groups is essential for informing the scientific and clinical handling of infections within these patient populations. Here the authors characterise the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV2 infection in people living with HIV.

          Related collections

          Most cited references89

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

          Wei-jie Guan, Zheng-yi Ni, Yu Hu … (2020)
          Abstract Background Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. Methods We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. Conclusions During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.)
          Article 0 comments Cited 13622 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found

            Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

            Zunyou Wu, Jennifer M. McGoogan (2020)
            Article 0 comments Cited 8402 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine

              Fernando P Polack, Stephen J. Thomas, Nicholas R.E. Kitchin … (2023)
              Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have afflicted tens of millions of people in a worldwide pandemic. Safe and effective vaccines are needed urgently. Methods In an ongoing multinational, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded, pivotal efficacy trial, we randomly assigned persons 16 years of age or older in a 1:1 ratio to receive two doses, 21 days apart, of either placebo or the BNT162b2 vaccine candidate (30 μg per dose). BNT162b2 is a lipid nanoparticle–formulated, nucleoside-modified RNA vaccine that encodes a prefusion stabilized, membrane-anchored SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike protein. The primary end points were efficacy of the vaccine against laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 and safety. Results A total of 43,548 participants underwent randomization, of whom 43,448 received injections: 21,720 with BNT162b2 and 21,728 with placebo. There were 8 cases of Covid-19 with onset at least 7 days after the second dose among participants assigned to receive BNT162b2 and 162 cases among those assigned to placebo; BNT162b2 was 95% effective in preventing Covid-19 (95% credible interval, 90.3 to 97.6). Similar vaccine efficacy (generally 90 to 100%) was observed across subgroups defined by age, sex, race, ethnicity, baseline body-mass index, and the presence of coexisting conditions. Among 10 cases of severe Covid-19 with onset after the first dose, 9 occurred in placebo recipients and 1 in a BNT162b2 recipient. The safety profile of BNT162b2 was characterized by short-term, mild-to-moderate pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache. The incidence of serious adverse events was low and was similar in the vaccine and placebo groups. Conclusions A two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Covid-19 in persons 16 years of age or older. Safety over a median of 2 months was similar to that of other viral vaccines. (Funded by BioNTech and Pfizer; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04368728.)
              Article 0 comments Cited 6996 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Laura E. McCoy:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9503-7946
                l.mccoy@ucl.ac.uk
                Dimitra Peppa:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9281-5471
                Dimitra.peppa@ndm.ox.ac.uk
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nat Commun
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat Commun
                Title: Nature Communications
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2041-1723
                Publication date (Electronic): 5 October 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 5 October 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 5839
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.4991.5, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8948, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, , University of Oxford, ; Oxford, UK
                [2 ]GRID grid.83440.3b, ISNI 0000000121901201, Division of Infection and Immunity, , University College London, ; London, UK
                [3 ]GRID grid.451388.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1795 1830, Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, , The Francis Crick Institute, ; London, UK
                [4 ]GRID grid.451388.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1795 1830, Signalling and Structural Biology Laboratory, , Francis Crick Institute, ; London, UK
                [5 ]GRID grid.511564.2, Mortimer Market Centre, Department of HIV, , CNWL NHS Trust, ; London, UK
                [6 ]GRID grid.83440.3b, ISNI 0000000121901201, Institute for Global Health UCL, ; London, UK
                [7 ]GRID grid.437485.9, ISNI 0000 0001 0439 3380, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, ; London, UK
                [8 ]GRID grid.83440.3b, ISNI 0000000121901201, Department of Immunology, , Royal Free Campus, UCL, ; London, UK
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6915-074X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7164-8555
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1592-6028
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-6066
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7433-6357
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-9955
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-538X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-1775
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-6998
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9503-7946
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9281-5471
                Article
                Publisher ID: 26137
                DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26137-7
                PMC ID: 8492866
                PubMed ID: 34611163
                SO-VID: e3b2e570-87f5-4cb0-b457-fe934f664075
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 8 March 2021
                Date accepted : 17 September 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000265, RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC);
                Award ID: MR/M008614
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/100000060, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID);
                Award ID: R01AI55182
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: immunological memory,antibodies,viral infection,sars-cov-2
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: immunological memory, antibodies, viral infection, sars-cov-2

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content119

                See all similar

                Cited by37

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors6,308

                See all reference authors