Interventions to improve daily medication use among adolescents and young adults: what can we learn for youth pre-exposure prophylaxis services?

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Objective:

Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an important HIV prevention method and studies have shown that young people ages 15–24 have difficulty adhering to daily PrEP. The field of PrEP delivery for young people is relatively nascent and lessons about potential PrEP adherence interventions could be learned from the larger evidence base of adherence interventions for other daily medications among youth.

Design:

Systematic review of adherence support interventions for adolescents.

Methods:

We searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO through January 2020 for oral contraceptive pill (OCP), antiretroviral therapy (ART), asthma, and diabetes medication adherence interventions. We reviewed primary articles about OCP adherence interventions and reviewed systematic reviews for ART, asthma, and diabetes medication adherence interventions. Studies were retained if they included participants’ ages 10–24 years; measured OCP, ART, asthma, or diabetes medication adherence; and were systematic reviews, randomized trials, or quasi-experimental studies.

Results:

Fifteen OCP articles and 26 ART, diabetes, and asthma systematic reviews were included. Interventions that improved medication adherence for OCPs, ART, asthma, and diabetes treatment included reminder text messages, computer-based and phone-based support, and enhanced counseling. Multi-month prescriptions and same-day pill starts also were found to improve OCP adherence and continuation. Adolescent-friendly clinics and peer-based counseling significantly improved ART adherence, and telemedicine interventions improved diabetes medication adherence.

Conclusion:

Interventions that improve medication adherence among youth include enhanced counseling, extended pill supply, adolescent-friendly services, and text message reminders. PrEP programs could incorporate and evaluate such interventions for their impact on PrEP adherence and continuation among at-risk adolescents.

Related collections

Most cited references 90

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement.

David Moher, Alessandro Liberati, Jennifer Tetzlaff … (2009)

0 comments Cited 7270 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis, sexual practices, and HIV incidence in men and transgender women who have sex with men: a cohort study.

Robert M Grant, Peter Anderson, Vanessa McMahan … (2014)

The effect of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) depends on uptake, adherence, and sexual practices. We aimed to assess these factors in a cohort of HIV-negative people at risk of infection. In our cohort study, men and transgender women who have sex with men previously enrolled in PrEP trials (ATN 082, iPrEx, and US Safety Study) were enrolled in a 72 week open-label extension. We measured drug concentrations in plasma and dried blood spots in seroconverters and a random sample of seronegative participants. We assessed PrEP uptake, adherence, sexual practices, and HIV incidence. Statistical methods included Poisson models, comparison of proportions, and generalised estimating equations. We enrolled 1603 HIV-negative people, of whom 1225 (76%) received PrEP. Uptake was higher among those reporting condomless receptive anal intercourse (416/519 [81%] vs 809/1084 [75%], p=0·003) and having serological evidence of herpes (612/791 [77%] vs 613/812 [75%] p=0·03). Of those receiving PrEP, HIV incidence was 1·8 infections per 100 person-years, compared with 2·6 infections per 100 person-years in those who concurrently did not choose PrEP (HR 0·51, 95% CI 0·26-1·01, adjusted for sexual behaviours), and 3·9 infections per 100 person-years in the placebo group of the previous randomised phase (HR 0·49, 95% CI 0·31-0·77). Among those receiving PrEP, HIV incidence was 4·7 infections per 100 person-years if drug was not detected in dried blood spots, 2·3 infections per 100 person-years if drug concentrations suggested use of fewer than two tablets per week, 0·6 per 100 person-years for use of two to three tablets per week, and 0·0 per 100 person-years for use of four or more tablets per week (p<0·0001). PrEP drug concentrations were higher among people of older age, with more schooling, who reported non-condom receptive anal intercourse, who had more sexual partners, and who had a history of syphilis or herpes. PrEP uptake was high when made available free of charge by experienced providers. The effect of PrEP is increased by greater uptake and adherence during periods of higher risk. Drug concentrations in dried blood spots are strongly correlated with protective benefit. US National Institutes of Health. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

0 comments Cited 240 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Efficacy, safety, and effect on sexual behaviour of on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in men who have sex with men: an observational cohort study.

Jean-Michel Molina, Isabelle Charreau, Bruno Spire … (2017)

Data for on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are scarce. We implemented a cohort study to assess its efficacy, safety, and effect on sexual behaviour.

0 comments Cited 164 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): AIDS

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): AIDS

Journal ID (publisher-id): AIDS

Title: AIDS (London, England)

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (Hagerstown, MD )

ISSN (Print): 0269-9370

ISSN (Electronic): 1473-5571

Publication date (Print): 1 March 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 14 December 2020

Volume: 35

Issue: 3

Pages: 463-475

Affiliations

[a ]Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

[b ]Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

[c ]The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

[d ]Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

[e ]Department of Psychiatry, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA

[f ]Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (Wits RHI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

[g ]Global HIV, Hepatitis and STIs Programmes, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Author notes

Correspondence to Jennifer Velloza, PhD, MPH, International Clinical Research Center, University of Washington, Box 359927, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. Tel: +1 917 392 3561; fax: +1 206 520 3831; e-mail: jvelloza@ 123456uw.edu

Article

Publisher ID: AIDS-D-20-00316

DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002777

PMC ID: 7855564

PubMed ID: 33252486

SO-VID: e2613fe0-efeb-4fbc-b3fe-63378f3d97ee

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

History

Date received : 17 April 2020

Date revision received : 30 October 2020

Date accepted : 09 November 2020

Custom metadata

OPEN-ACCESS TRUE

Keywords: adherence,adolescents and young adults,antiretroviral therapy,asthma,diabetes,oral contraceptives,pre-exposure prophylaxis

Data availability:

Keywords: adherence, adolescents and young adults, antiretroviral therapy, asthma, diabetes, oral contraceptives, pre-exposure prophylaxis

Interventions to improve daily medication use among adolescents and young adults: what can we learn for youth pre-exposure prophylaxis services?

Read this article at

Abstract

Objective:

Design:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Related collections

Ecosystem services

Most cited references 90

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement.

Uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis, sexual practices, and HIV incidence in men and transgender women who have sex with men: a cohort study.

Efficacy, safety, and effect on sexual behaviour of on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in men who have sex with men: an observational cohort study.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 155

Cited by 6

Most referenced authors 1,433