KAP-COVID GLOBAL : a multinational survey of the levels and determinants of public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19

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Abstract

Objective

The adherence to public health recommendations to control COVID-19 spread is influenced by public knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP). We performed this cross-sectional study to assess the levels and determinants of public KAP towards COVID-19 in a large, multinational sample.

Design

Cross-sectional study (survey).

Setting

The questionnaire was distributed to potential respondents via online platforms.

Participants

71 890 individuals from 22 countries.

Methods

We formulated a four-section questionnaire in English, followed by validation and translation into seven languages. The questionnaire was distributed (May to June 2020) and each participant received a score for each KAP section.

Results

Overall, the participants had fair knowledge (mean score: 19.24±3.59) and attitudes (3.72±2.31) and good practices (12.12±1.83) regarding COVID-19. About 92% reported moderate to high compliance with national lockdown. However, significant gaps were observed: only 68.2% knew that infected individuals may be asymptomatic; 45.4% believed that antibiotics are an effective treatment; and 55.4% stated that a vaccine has been developed (at the time of data collection). 71.9% believed or were uncertain that COVID-19 is a global conspiracy; 36.8% and 51% were afraid of contacting doctors and Chinese people, respectively. Further, 66.4% reported the pandemic had moderate to high negative effects on their mental health. Female gender, higher education and urban residents had significantly (p≤0.001) higher knowledge and practice scores. Further, we observed significant correlations between all KAP scores.

Conclusions

Although the public have fair/good knowledge and practices regarding COVID-19, significant gaps should be addressed. Future awareness efforts should target less advantaged groups and future studies should develop new strategies to tackle COVID-19 negative mental health effects.

Related collections

Most cited references 32

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Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

Wei-jie Guan, Zheng-yi Ni, Yu Hu … (2020)

Abstract Background Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. Methods We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. Conclusions During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.)

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A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Na Zhu, Dingyu Zhang, Wenling Wang … (2020)

Summary In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A previously unknown betacoronavirus was discovered through the use of unbiased sequencing in samples from patients with pneumonia. Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed a clade within the subgenus sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect humans. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are ongoing. (Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China and the National Major Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China.)

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Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review

W. Joost Wiersinga, Andrew Rhodes, Allen Cheng … (2020)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a worldwide sudden and substantial increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia with multiorgan disease. This review discusses current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMJ Open

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMJ Open

Journal ID (hwp): bmjopen

Journal ID (publisher-id): bmjopen

Title: BMJ Open

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )

ISSN (Electronic): 2044-6055

Publication date Collection: 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 23 February 2021

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: e043971

Affiliations

[1 ]departmentFaculty of Medicine , Fayoum University , Fayoum, Egypt

[2 ]Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University , Assiut, Egypt

[3 ]Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University , Giza, Egypt

[4 ]Faculty of Medicine, Minia University , Minia, Egypt

[5 ]departmentFaculty of Medicine , Damascus University , Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

[6 ]departmentFaculty of Medicine , Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom, Egypt

[7 ]Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University , Cairo, Egypt

[8 ]Global Clinical Scholars Research Training, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

[9 ]Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí , Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil

[10 ]College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky, USA

[11 ]School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

[12 ]College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University , Hofuf, Saudi Arabia

[13 ]departmentFaculty of Veterinary Medicine , Suez Canal University , Ismailia, Egypt

[14 ]College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

[15 ]Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Author notes

[Correspondence to ] Dr Abdelrahman I. Abushouk; Abdelrahman.abushouk@ 123456med.asu.edu.eg

Author information

Ahmed Taher Masoud http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4304-6781

Kareem A El-Fas http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-8499

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-2713

Abdelrahman I. Abushouk http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-6487

Article

Publisher ID: bmjopen-2020-043971

DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043971

PMC ID: 7907623

PubMed ID: 33622949

SO-VID: dc109aaa-4cf6-41a1-ba64-0d96a4ba89f5

License:

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

History

Date received : 19 August 2020

Date revision received : 18 January 2021

Date accepted : 03 February 2021

Funding

Funded by: None;

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: public health,epidemiology,virology

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: public health, epidemiology, virology

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