45
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on human–nature interactions: Pathways, evidence and implications

      article-commentary

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          1. The coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic and the global response have dramatically changed people's lifestyles in much of the world. These major changes, as well as the associated changes in impacts on the environment, can alter the dynamics of the direct interactions between humans and nature (hereafter human–nature interactions) far beyond those concerned with animals as sources of novel human coronavirus infections. There may be a variety of consequences for both people and nature.

          2. Here, we suggest a conceptual framework for understanding how the COVID‐19 pandemic might affect the dynamics of human–nature interactions. This highlights three different, but not mutually exclusive, pathways: changes in (a) opportunity, (b) capability and (c) motivation.

          3. Through this framework, we also suggest that there are several feedback loops by which changes in human–nature interactions induced by the COVID‐19 pandemic can lead to further changes in these interactions such that the impacts of the pandemic could persist over the long term, including after it has ended.

          4. The COVID‐19 pandemic, which has had the most tragic consequences, can also be viewed as a ‘global natural experiment’ in human–nature interactions that can provide unprecedented mechanistic insights into the complex processes and dynamics of these interactions and into possible strategies to manage them to best effect.

          A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

          Abstract

          A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

          要約

          1. 新型コロナウイルス感染症の流行(以降、「コロナ感染症」)や世界規模での感染症対策の実施は、人々のライフスタイルを劇的に変化させた。こうしたライフスタイルの変化やそれに伴う環境への影響の変化は、人間と自然との直接的な関わり合い(以降、「人と自然との相互作用」)のダイナミクスを、人畜共通感染症の文脈をはるかに超えた広い範囲で変化させる可能性がある。こうした人と自然の相互作用の変化は、人間と自然の双方に様々な影響をもたらすだろう。。

          2. 本論文では、コロナ感染症が人と自然の相互作用のダイナミクスにどのような影響を与えるのかを理解するために有効な概念的枠組みを提案する。この枠組みは、人と自然の相互作用の変化が、(一)「機会」の変化、(二)「能力」の変化、(三)「動機」の変化という三つの異なる経路によってもたらされることを示している。

          3. またこの枠組みは、コロナ感染症によって引き起こされた人と自然の相互作用の変化が、複数のフィードバックを介して新たな相互作用の変化をもたらし、その影響はコロナ感染症が収束した後も長期にわたって持続し得ることも示唆している。

          4. コロナ感染症は極めて悲劇的な状況をもたらしたが、一方でこうした状況は人と自然の相互作用に関する「地球規模の自然実験」とみなすこともできる。この自然実験を利用することによって、人と自然の相互作用の複雑なプロセスとダイナミクスに関する新たな知見を獲得するとともに、この相互作用の適切な管理戦略を検討することができるだろう。

          Related collections

          Most cited references67

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          The behaviour change wheel: A new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions

          Background Improving the design and implementation of evidence-based practice depends on successful behaviour change interventions. This requires an appropriate method for characterising interventions and linking them to an analysis of the targeted behaviour. There exists a plethora of frameworks of behaviour change interventions, but it is not clear how well they serve this purpose. This paper evaluates these frameworks, and develops and evaluates a new framework aimed at overcoming their limitations. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases and consultation with behaviour change experts were used to identify frameworks of behaviour change interventions. These were evaluated according to three criteria: comprehensiveness, coherence, and a clear link to an overarching model of behaviour. A new framework was developed to meet these criteria. The reliability with which it could be applied was examined in two domains of behaviour change: tobacco control and obesity. Results Nineteen frameworks were identified covering nine intervention functions and seven policy categories that could enable those interventions. None of the frameworks reviewed covered the full range of intervention functions or policies, and only a minority met the criteria of coherence or linkage to a model of behaviour. At the centre of a proposed new framework is a 'behaviour system' involving three essential conditions: capability, opportunity, and motivation (what we term the 'COM-B system'). This forms the hub of a 'behaviour change wheel' (BCW) around which are positioned the nine intervention functions aimed at addressing deficits in one or more of these conditions; around this are placed seven categories of policy that could enable those interventions to occur. The BCW was used reliably to characterise interventions within the English Department of Health's 2010 tobacco control strategy and the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence's guidance on reducing obesity. Conclusions Interventions and policies to change behaviour can be usefully characterised by means of a BCW comprising: a 'behaviour system' at the hub, encircled by intervention functions and then by policy categories. Research is needed to establish how far the BCW can lead to more efficient design of effective interventions.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health in the General Population: A Systematic Review

            Highlights • The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in unprecedented hazards to mental health globally. • Relatively high rates of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological distress, and stress were reported in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in eight countries. • Common risk factors associated with mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic include female gender, younger age group (≤40 years), presence of chronic/psychiatric illnesses, unemployment, student status, and frequent exposure to social media/news concerning COVID-19. • Mitigation of COVID-19 induced psychological distress requires government intervention and individual efforts.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature

              Highlights • Subsyndromal mental health concerns are a common response to the COVID-19 outbreak. • These responses affect both the general public and healthcare workers. • Depressive and anxiety symptoms have been reported in 16–28% of subjects screened. • Novel methods of consultation, such as online services, can be helpful for these patients. • There is a need for further long-term research in this area, especially from other countries
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                asoga@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
                Journal
                People Nat (Hoboken)
                People Nat (Hoboken)
                10.1002/(ISSN)2575-8314
                PAN3
                People and Nature (Hoboken, N.j.)
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2575-8314
                06 April 2021
                June 2021
                : 3
                : 3 ( doiID: 10.1002/pan3.v3.3 )
                : 518-527
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
                [ 2 ] Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
                [ 3 ] Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Masashi Soga

                Email: asoga@ 123456g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-4199
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7025-2287
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-3998
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-7928
                Article
                PAN310201
                10.1002/pan3.10201
                8251160
                34230912
                d8e8f509-2980-4a54-903d-a48d5958f143
                © 2021 The Authors. People and Nature published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 01 December 2020
                : 03 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 1, Pages: 10, Words: 7749
                Funding
                Funded by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100001691;
                Award ID: 20H04375
                Award ID: P19084
                Funded by: Toyota Foundation , open-funder-registry 10.13039/100009584;
                Award ID: D19‐R‐0102
                Categories
                Besed30
                Besed32
                Besed51
                Besed57
                Perspective
                Perspectives
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                June 2021
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.0.4 mode:remove_FC converted:02.07.2021

                behaviour,disease,distribution,extinction of experience,global change,personalised ecology

                Comments

                Comment on this article