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      Prenylated Xanthones from the Bark of Garcinia xanthochymus and Their 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging Activities

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          Abstract

          Garcinia xanthochymus has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for expelling worms and removing food toxins. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOAc-soluble extract of G. xanthochymus stem bark led to the isolation of six new xanthones. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D-NMR techniques. Free-radical-scavenging activities of the isolated compounds were elucidated through DPPH method. Most of the isolated compounds showed considerable free radical scavenging activity on DPPH assay. Compound 1 exhibited effective antioxidant scavenging activity against DPPH radical with an IC 50 value of 19.64 μM, and compound 6 showed the lowest activity among all the tested molecules, with an IC 50 value of 66.88 μM. These findings support the notion that the plant genus Garcinia is a good source of bioactive compounds.

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          Antioxidant activity index (AAI) by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method

          Rodrigo Scherer, Helena Teixeira Godoy (2009)
          Article 0 comments Cited 138 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Screening chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from Origanum syriacum L. growing in Turkey.

            Ahmet Mavi, Ali Erdem Yildirim, M Alma … (2003)
            In the present study, essential oil from the leaves of Syrian oreganum [Origanum syriacum L. (Lauraceae)] grown in Turkish state forests of the Dortyol district, Turkey, was obtained by steam distillation. The chemical composition of oil was analysed by GC and GC-MS, and was found to contain 49.02% monoterpenes, 36.60% oxygenated monoterpenes and 12.59% sesquiterpenes. The major components are as follows: gamma-terpinene, carvacrol, p-cymene and beta-caryophyllene. Subsequently, the reducing power, antioxidant and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activities of the essential oil were studied. The reducing power was compared with ascorbic acid, and the other activities were compared with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol (BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene). The results showed that the activities were concentration dependent. The antioxidant activities of the oil were slightly lower than those of ascorbic acid or BHT, so the oil can be considered an effective natural antioxidant. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from the leaves of Origanum syriacum was also determined on 16 microorganisms tested using the agar-disc diffusion method, and showed antimicrobial activity against 13 of these.
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              Tetraoxygenated naturally occurring xanthones.

              Valdir Peres, Tanus Jorge NAGEM, Fernando Faustino de Oliveira (2000)
              This review, with 350 references, gives information on the chemical study of 234 naturally occurring tetraoxygenated xanthones in 12 families, 53 genus and 182 species of higher plants, and two which are described as fungal and lichen metabolites. The value of these groups of substances in connection with pharmacological activity and therapeutic use of some species is described. The structural formulas of 135 isolated compounds, and their distribution, are also given.
              Article 0 comments Cited 46 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules
                Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules
                Title: Molecules
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049
                Publication date (Electronic): 22 October 2010
                Publication date Collection: October 2010
                Volume: 15
                Issue: 10
                Pages: 7438-7449
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
                [2 ]State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
                [3 ]College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
                [4 ]Laboratory for Natural Product Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
                Author notes
                [* ]Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: yanggz888@ 123456126.com (G.-z.Y.); he1208@ 123456mail.ccnu.edu.cn (H.-w.H.); Tel.: 86-27- 67841196; Fax: 86-27-67841196.
                Article
                Publisher ID: molecules-15-07438
                DOI: 10.3390/molecules15107438
                PMC ID: 6259097
                PubMed ID: 20966883
                SO-VID: d54d7ddd-ff59-4424-b942-b935dba2f124
                Copyright © © 2010 by the authors;
                License:

                licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 25 September 2010
                Date revision received : 07 October 2010
                Date accepted : 11 October 2010
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: xanthones,garcinia xanthochymus,dpph radical scavenging activity
                Data availability:
                Keywords: xanthones, garcinia xanthochymus, dpph radical scavenging activity

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