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      Delirios de embarazo y pseudociesis: una breve aproximación Translated title: Pregnancy Delusions and Pseudocyesis: Brief Approach

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Los delirios de embarazo como síntomas de distintos cuadros psicóticos han sido presentados usualmente en oposición a la naturaleza histérica y psicosomática de la pseudociesis, aunque diversos autores han advertido cierta intersección semiológica entre ambos fenómenos. Método: Presentamos cuatro casos de pacientes psicóticas que presentaron delirios de embarazo y revisamos y discutimos la bibliografía pertinente. Resultados: Constatamos la presencia de algunos síntomas compartidos entre psicosis con delirios de embarazo y pseudociesis, aunque sin desmedro de la respectiva diferenciación nosológica entre los dos fenómenos; existe cierta confusión en los aspectos conceptuales y terminológicos que no contribuye a deslindarlos de forma precisa. Conclusión: Se plantea una visión amplia y holística para el estudio de la pseudociesis y los delirios de embarazo, que podrían ser más frecuentes en realidades como la latinoamericana.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: Pregnancy delusions have usually been considered as symptoms of psychotic disorders in opposition to the hysterical and psychosomatic nature of pseudocyesis, though several authors have described some semiologic intersection between the two phenomena. Method: Introduction of four cases of patients with pregnancy delusions as well as review and discussion of relevant bibliography. Results: In fact, there are symptoms shared by pregnancy delusions psychosis and pseudocyesis, without detriment of nosological differentiation between the two phenomena. There is certain confusion regarding conceptual and terminological issues that does not contribute to mark precise boundaries. Conclusion: A comprehensive and holistic approach for the study of pseudocyesis and pregnancy delusion is proposed. Maybe, these disorders are more frequently observed in Latin America.

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          Most cited references31

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          Over-valued ideas: a conceptual analysis

          D Veale (2002)
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            Prolactin, psychological stress and environment in humans: adaptation and maladaptation.

            Non-puerperal lactation and/or hyperprolactinemia in humans have been related to psychological variables in a variety of ways: (1) Non-puerperal nursing; (2) Pseudopregnancy; (3) Rapid weight gain; (4) Psychogenic galactorrhea; (5) Acute prolactin responses to psychological stress; (6) High prolactin levels in persons who cope passively in real life stress situations; (7) Paternal deprivation in women with pathological hyperprolactinemia; (8) Clinical onset of prolactinomas following life-events. Publications on the above subjects are scattered in the literature as curiosities, anecdotal case-reports or unexplained associations, as there is no theoretical frame of reference to accommodate them. We propose that prolactin is a component of a biological, "maternal", subroutine, adaptive to the care of the young, which promotes accumulation of fat for the extraordinary expenses of pregnancy and lactation, the production of milk and maternal behavior. In an attempt to characterize the stimuli responsible for the activation of the maternal subroutine in the absence of pregnancy we studied the hormonal profiles of female volunteers during three types of sessions under hypnosis: (1) Relaxation-only, control sessions; (2) Sessions in which a fantasy of "nursing" was induced; (3) Sessions of evocations of memories. Prolactin surges were related to the evocation, with rage, of humiliating experiences, but not with the fantasy of nursing. Cortisol surges were related to surprise and shock and were negatively associated with prolactin. In conclusion--Prolactin and cortisol are measurable markers of two different, and alternative, coping strategies to "psychological stress".
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              A current perspective of pseudocyesis.

              L M Cohen (1982)
              Pseudocyesis is a diagnosis out of medical antiquity in with the physiological and psychological concomitants of pregnancy develop in the absence of the true gravid state. Along with other dramatic and polymorphous psychiatric disorders pseudocyesis appears to have decreased in frequency or altered its clinical manifestation in this century. The author discusses the reasons behind these changes and describes a comparable modern neuroendocrine diagnosis, the galactorrhea-amenorrhea hyperprolactinemia syndrome. He advocates the combined use of the term pseudocyesis for a selected population of patients.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcp
                Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría
                rev.colomb.psiquiatr.
                Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria. (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0034-7450
                January 2012
                : 41
                : 1
                : 208-216
                Affiliations
                [03] Lima orgnameInstituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi orgdiv1Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Perú
                [02] Lima orgnameInstituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi orgdiv1Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Perú
                [01] Lima orgnameInstituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado-Hideyo Noguchi orgdiv1Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Perú
                Article
                S0034-74502012000100015 S0034-7450(12)04100115
                ce7ef193-8511-4386-9ab6-801910a07023

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 February 2011
                : 09 February 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Reporte de caso

                somatoform disorders,trastornos somatoformes,trastornos psicóticos,seudoembarazo,embarazo,Delirio,Delusions,pregnancy,pseudopregnancy,psychotic disorders

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