Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior

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Abstract

An overview of the articles has presented for the Special Issue “Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior”. This issue has objective of collecting comprehensive findings regarding structure and functionality of bio-based sustainable polymers performing as multifaceted barrier and packaging in food, cosmetic, and other areas. The content of the collection covers diverse fields of knowledge embracing polymer chemistry, materials science, transport–diffusion phenomena, biodegradation exploring, and others.

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Application of LCA Method for Assessment of Environmental Impacts of a Polylactide (PLA) Bottle Shaping

Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos, Weronika Kruszelnicka, Robert Kasner … (2020)

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the consumption of single-use packaging. Their material diversity is a significant barrier to recycling, causing overloading of landfills. Increasing negative environmental aspects have highlighted the need to develop solutions to achieve a relatively high efficiency of the bottle shaping process with the lowest possible energy consumption. The aim of the project is to try to describe the impact of this process on the state, transformation and development of the natural environment. The work concerns current issues of the impact of packaging on the natural environment. The main goal was to conduct a life cycle analysis (LCA) of beverage bottles made of polylactide. The functional unit comprised a total of 1000 pieces of PLA bottles with a capacity of 1 L. The boundary of the adopted system included the steps from the delivery of the preforms to the production plant to their correct formation in the process of forming beverage bottles. Further stages of the production process were excluded from the system, such as beverage bottling, labeling, and storage and distribution. Processes related to transport and storage of raw material were also excluded. The LCA analysis was performed using the program of the Dutch company Pre Consultants called SimaPro 8.4.0. The ReCiPe 2016 method was chosen for the interpretation of the quantity of emitted substances into the natural environment. The test results were presented graphically on bar charts and subjected to verification and interpretation.

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Influence of Genipin Crosslinking on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films

Nataliya Kildeeva, Anatoliy Chalykh, Mariya Belokon … (2020)

Chitosan is a promising environment friendly active polymer packaging material due to its biodegradability, exceptional film forming capacity, great mechanical strength, appropriate barrier property along with intrinsic antioxidant and antimicrobial features. Bifunctional reagent was used for producing water insoluble chitosan films. Biopolymeric films crosslinked by Genipin (Gp), which is a reagent of natural origin, should have high potential in food packaging. The influence of the ratio of functional groups in the chitosan-Gp system on film absorption in the visible and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum, sorption, physical, and mechanical properties of the films has been studied. The degree of chitosan crosslinking in the films obtained from solutions containing Gp was estimated using the experimental data on film swelling and water vapor sorption isotherms. It is demonstrated that crosslinking with genipin improves swelling, water resistance, and mechanical properties of the films.

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Gas Transport Phenomena and Polymer Dynamics in PHB/PLA Blend Films as Potential Packaging Materials

Valentina Siracusa, Svetlana Karpova, Anatoliy Olkhov … (2020)

Actually, in order to replace traditional fossil-based polymers, many efforts are devoted to the design and development of new and high-performance bioplastics materials. Poly(hydroxy alkanoates) (PHAS) as well as polylactides are the main candidates as naturally derived polymers. The intention of the present study is to manufacture fully bio-based blends based on two polyesters: poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA) as real competitors that could be used to replace petrol polymers in packaging industry. Blends in the shape of films have been prepared by chloroform solvent cast solution methodology, at different PHB/PLA ratios: 1/0, 1/9, 3/7, 5/5, 0/1. A series of dynamic explorations have been performed in order to characterize them from a different point of view. Gas permeability to N2, O2, and CO2 gases and probe (TEMPO) electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses were performed. Blend surface morphology has been evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) while their thermal behavior was analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique. Special attention was devoted to color and transparency estimation. Both probe rotation mobility and N2, O2, and CO2 permeation have monotonically decreased during the transition from PLA to PHB, for all contents of bio-blends, namely because of transferring from PLA with lower crystallinity to PHB with a higher one. Consequently, the role of the crystallinity was elucidated. The temperature dependences for CO2 permeability and diffusivity as well as for probe correlation time allowed the authors to evaluate the activation energy of both processes. The values of gas transport energy activation and TEMPO rotation mobility are substantially close to each other, which should testify that polymer segmental mobility determines the gas permeability modality.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Polymers (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Polymers (Basel)

Journal ID (publisher-id): polymers

Title: Polymers

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2073-4360

Publication date (Electronic): 12 July 2020

Publication date Collection: July 2020

Volume: 12

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 1537

Affiliations

Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; aljordan08@ 123456gmail.com

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Alexey Iordanskii https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-0825

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Publisher ID: polymers-12-01537

DOI: 10.3390/polym12071537

PMC ID: 7408168

PubMed ID: 32664618

SO-VID: ce5410d2-a93d-435c-b65e-07b398d38c6f

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics: From Passive Barrier to Active Packaging Behavior

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UCL: UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production

Most cited references 10

Application of LCA Method for Assessment of Environmental Impacts of a Polylactide (PLA) Bottle Shaping

Influence of Genipin Crosslinking on the Properties of Chitosan-Based Films

Gas Transport Phenomena and Polymer Dynamics in PHB/PLA Blend Films as Potential Packaging Materials

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