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      Desafios do planejamento urbano na expansão das cidades: entre planos e realidade Translated title: Urban planning challenges in the expansion of cities: between plans and reality

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          Abstract

          Resumo A expansão do perímetro urbano para construção de conjuntos habitacionais ou mesmo para regularizações de ocupações espontâneas é uma realidade nas cidades brasileiras. À medida que a cidade cresce, são aterrados córregos e lagoas, cortadas encostas e ocupadas margens de rios e áreas naturais. As questões socioambientais estão cada vez mais presentes nas propostas de planejamento e ordenamento do território. Neste artigo, é analisada a relação entre os planos diretores e a expansão urbana, diante dos novos desafios ambientais apresentados ao planejamento e à gestão urbana, tendo como foco a cidade de Teresina, no Piauí. Foram realizadas revisão bibliográfica e discussão do tema. Foram executados levantamento e análise documental de instrumentos regulatórios, planos e programas municipais, observando os planos diretores e a legislação que os ampara. Os principais problemas urbanos destacados em seus planos foram: a drenagem urbana precária, a falta de aterro sanitário, o desmatamento, as queimadas e as dificuldades na mobilidade e no transporte urbano. O novo plano diretor Agenda Teresina 2030 e a legislação mais recente apontam para melhores cenários no futuro da cidade, mas ainda é preciso maior eficiência na construção da sustentabilidade urbana.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The expansion of the urban perimeter for the construction of housing estates or even regularization of spontaneous occupations are realities in Brazilian cities. As the city grows, streams and ponds are landed, cut off slopes and occupied banks of rivers and natural areas.-Socio-environmental questions are increasingly present in the planning and organization proposals of the territory. In this article, the relationship between the master plans and urban expansion is analyzed, considering the new environmental challenges presented to urban planning and management, focusing on the city of Teresina, Piauí. A bibliographic review and discussion of the theme were carried out. A survey and documentary analysis of regulatory instruments, plans, and municipal programs was also carried out, observing the Executive Plans and the legislation that protects them. The main urban problems highlighted in their plans were the precarious urban drainage; lack of landfill; the deforestation; the burnings; difficulties in mobility and urban transportation. The new Teresina Master Plan Agenda 2030 and more recent legislation point to better scenarios in the future of Teresina. However, there is still a need for greater efficiency in the construction of urban sustainability.

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          Spatial–temporal dynamics of urban green space in response to rapid urbanization and greening policies

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            Temporal trend of green space coverage in China and its relationship with urbanization over the last two decades.

            Irrespective of which side is taken in the densification-sprawl debate, insights into the relationship between urban green space coverage and urbanization have been recognized as essential for guiding sustainable urban development. However, knowledge of the relationships between socio-economic variables of urbanization and long-term green space change is still limited. In this paper, using simple regression, hierarchical partitioning and multi-regression, the temporal trend in green space coverage and its relationship with urbanization were investigated using data from 286 cities between 1989 and 2009, covering all provinces in mainland China with the exception of Tibet. We found that: [1] average green space coverage of cities investigated increased steadily from 17.0% in 1989 to 37.3% in 2009; [2] cities with higher recent green space coverage also had relatively higher green space coverage historically; [3] cities in the same region exhibited similar long-term trends in green space coverage; [4] eight of the nine variables characterizing urbanization showed a significant positive linear relationship with green space coverage, with 'per capita GDP' having the highest independent contribution (24.2%); [5] among the climatic and geographic factors investigated, only mean elevation showed a significant effect; and [6] using the seven largest contributing individual factors, a linear model to predict variance in green space coverage was constructed. Here, we demonstrated that green space coverage in built-up areas tended to reflect the effects of urbanization rather than those of climatic or geographic factors. Quantification of the urbanization effects and the characteristics of green space development in China may provide a valuable reference for research into the processes of urban sprawl and its relationship with green space change.
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              Teresina: Urbanização e Meio Ambiente

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                urbe
                urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana
                urbe, Rev. Bras. Gest. Urbana
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                2175-3369
                2019
                : 11
                : e20180037
                Affiliations
                [01] Teresina Piauí orgnameUniversidade Federal do Piauí Brazil
                Article
                S2175-33692019000100253
                10.1590/2175-3369.011.e20180037
                cd687c1f-f824-4926-8eb2-7dc950909910

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 February 2019
                : 18 December 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Científicos

                Urban expansion,Plano diretor,Gestão urbana,Expansão urbana,Master plan,Urban management

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