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      The response of Dendroctonus valens and Temnochila chlorodia to Ips paraconfusus pheromone components and verbenone

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          Abstract

          The red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, 1860 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), is a common bark beetle found throughout much of North America and China. In 2004, we observed that attack densities of the California fivespined ips, Ips paraconfusus Lanier, 1970 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), in logging debris were inversely related to D. valens attacks on freshly cut stumps, which led to the demonstration that components of the aggregation pheromone of I. paraconfusus inhibited the response of D. valens to attractant-baited traps. In this study, we test the response of D. valens and Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim, 1843) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), a common bark beetle predator, to racemic ipsenol, racemic ipsdienol, and (−)- cis-verbenol (IPSR) in the presence and absence of two release rates of (−)-verbenone. The addition of a relatively low release rate of (−)-verbenone (4 mg/24 h) to attractant-baited traps did not affect catch and had no significant effect on the response of D. valens to IPSR. IPSR significantly reduced D. valens attraction to baited traps. The addition of high release rates of (−)-verbenone (50 mg/24 h) to IPSR significantly increased inhibition; however, the effect was not significantly different from that observed with (−)-verbenone alone (50 mg/24 h). Temnochila chlorodia was attracted to traps baited with (−)-β-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (+)-α-pinene. The addition of (−)-verbenone (50 mg/24 h) significantly increased attraction. Traps baited with IPSR caught significantly more T. chlorodia than those baited with (−)-verbenone. Few other beetles were collected. We are hopeful that these results will help facilitate the development of an effective tool for protecting Pinus spp. from D. valens infestations.

          Résumé

          Le dendroctone rouge de l'épinette, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, 1860 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), est un scolyte commun trouvé dans presque toute l'Amérique du Nord et la Chine. En 2004, nous avons observé que la densité des attaques du scolyte à cinq épines de Californie, Ips paraconfusus Lanier, 1970 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), dans les débris de coupe est inversement proportionnelle aux attaques de D. valens sur les souches nouvellement coupées; ceci nous a conduit à démontrer que la phéromone de rassemblement d' I. paraconfusus inhibe la réaction de D. valens à des pièges chargés de substances attractives. Dans ce travail, nous testons la réponse de D. valens et de Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim, 1843) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), un prédateur commun des scolytes, à l'ipsénol racémique, à l'ipsdiénol racémique et au (−)- cis-verbenol (IPSR) en présence et en l'absence de libération de deux concentrations de (−)-verbénone. L'addition de (−)-verbénone à un taux relativement faible de libération (4 mg/24 h) dans les pièges munis de substances attractives n'affecte pas les captures et n'a pas d'effet significatif sur la réaction de D. valens à l'IPSR. L'IPSR réduit de façon significative l'attirance de D. valens pour les pièges appâtés. L'addition de (−)-verbénone à un fort taux de libération (50 mg/24 h) à l'IPSR réduit significativement l'inhibition; l'effet n'est cependant pas significativement différent de celui de la (−)-verbénone (50 mg/24 h). Temnochila chlorodia est attiré vers les pièges munis de (−)-β- pinène, de (+)-3-carène et de (+)-α-pinène. L'addition de (−)-verbénone (50 mg/24 h) augmente significativement l'attraction. Les pièges munis d'IPSR capturent significativement plus de T. chlorodia que ceux garnis de (−)-verbénone. Peu d'autres coléoptères ont été capturés. Nous croyons que ces résultats contribueront à faciliter la mise au point d'un outil efficace pour protéger les Pinus spp. des infestations à D. valens.

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          Most cited references17

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          A Useful Secondary Sex Character in Dendroctonus Bark Beetles

          R. L. Lyon (1958)
          The sex of the western pine beetle ( Dendroctonus brevicomis Lec.) and the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus monticolae Hopk.) can be ascertained easily and with 100 percent accuracy by means of a secondary sex character on the seventh abdominal tergite of the male. This character can probably be used with equal accuracy to identify sex in all species of the genus Dendroctonus . The need to distinguish between the sexes of adult bark beetles often arises in studies of biology, behavior, or response. The sexing procedure is laborious when large numbers of beetles are involved and external markings of sex are not known. It is then necessary to dissect each beetle to check the genitalia. Dissection is impossible when iniury to the insect must be avoided.
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            Western forest insects /

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              Chiral specificity in responses by the bark beetleDendroctonus valens to host kairomones.

              The attraction of the red turpentine beetle,Dendroctonus valens, to the resin volatiles of its host,Pinus ponderosa, is elicited by three chiral monoterpenes. In field assays response was greatest to (S)-(-)-β-pinene; 92% (S)-(-)-α-pinene found inP ponderosa resin was not attractive. However, 75% (R)-(+)-α-pinene, which occurs inPinus lambertiana, a sympatric host ofD. valens, was attractive. (S)-(-)-α-Pinene interrupted response to (R)-(+)-α-pinene. (S)-(+)-3-Carene from both hosts was attractive at the (R)-(+)-α-pinene level. Three sympatric coniferous nonhosts each have the same attractive monoterpenes but produce less resin. These studies demonstrate the importance of chirality of host compounds in the host finding behavior of this bark beetle.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Canadian Entomologist
                Can Entomol
                Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                0008-347X
                1918-3240
                February 2007
                April 02 2012
                February 2007
                : 139
                : 1
                : 141-145
                Article
                10.4039/n06-013
                cd2120c3-f494-4a5c-9452-31848ae395d9
                © 2007

                https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms

                History

                Biochemistry,Animal science & Zoology
                Biochemistry, Animal science & Zoology

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