59
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      RNAi-mediated treatment of two vertically transmitted rhabdovirus infecting the salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Rhabdoviruses are a family of enveloped negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses infecting a variety of hosts. Recently, two vertically transmitted salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis) rhabdoviruses (LsRV) have been identified. The prevalence of these viruses was measured along the Norwegian coast and found to be close to 100%, and with the present lack of suitable cell lines to propagate these viruses, it is challenging to obtain material to study their host impact and infection routes. Thus, virus free lice strains were established from virus infected lice carrying one or both LsRVs by treating them with N protein dsRNA twice during development. The viral replication of the N protein was specifically down-regulated following introduction of virus-specific dsRNA, and virus-free lice strains were maintained for several generations. A preliminary study on infection routes suggested that the LsRV-No9 is maternally transmitted, and that the virus transmits from males to females horizontally. The ability to produce virus free strains allows for further studies on transmission modes and how these viruses influences on the L. salmonis interaction with its salmonid host. Moreover, this study provides a general fundament for future studies on how vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses influence the biology of their arthropod hosts.

          Related collections

          Most cited references41

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Drug resistance in sea lice: a threat to salmonid aquaculture.

          Sea lice are copepod ectoparasites with vast reproductive potential and affect a wide variety of fish species. The number of parasites causing morbidity is proportional to fish size. Natural low host density restricts massive parasite dispersal. However, expanded salmon farming has shifted the conditions in favor of the parasite. Salmon farms are often situated near wild salmonid migrating routes, with smolts being particularly vulnerable to sea lice infestation. In order to protect both farmed and wild salmonids passing or residing in the proximity of the farms, several measures are taken. Medicinal treatment of farmed fish has been the most predictable and efficacious, leading to extensive use of the available compounds. This has resulted in drug-resistant parasites occurring on farmed and possibly wild salmonids.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            IAPV, a bee-affecting virus associated with Colony Collapse Disorder can be silenced by dsRNA ingestion.

            Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has been associated with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). CCD poses a serious threat to apiculture and agriculture as a whole, due to the consequent inability to provide the necessary amount of bees for pollination of critical crops. Here we report on RNAi-silencing of IAPV infection by feeding bees with double-stranded RNA, as an efficient and feasible way of controlling this viral disease. The association of CCD with IAPV is discussed, as well as the potential of controlling CCD.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Lipid nanoparticle siRNA treatment of Ebola virus Makona infected nonhuman primates

              The current outbreak of Ebola virus (EBOV) in West Africa is unprecedented, causing more cases and fatalities than all previous outbreaks combined, and has yet to be controlled 1 . Several postexposure interventions have been employed under compassionate use to treat a number of patients repatriated to Europe and the United States 2 . However, the in vivo efficacy of these interventions against the new outbreak strain of EBOV is unknown. Here, we show that lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated siRNAs rapidly adapted to target the Makona outbreak strain of EBOV are able to protect 100% of rhesus monkeys against lethal challenge when treatment was initiated at 3 days postexposure while animals were viremic and clinically ill. Although all infected animals showed evidence of advanced disease including abnormal hematology, blood chemistry, and coagulopathy, siRNA-treated animals had milder clinical features and fully recovered while the untreated control animals succumbed. These results represent the first successful demonstration of therapeutic anti-EBOV efficacy against the new outbreak strain in nonhuman primates (NHPs) and highlight the rapid development of LNP-delivered siRNA as a countermeasure against this highly lethal human disease.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Aina-Cathrine.Overgard@uib.no
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                25 October 2017
                25 October 2017
                2017
                : 7
                : 14030
                Affiliations
                ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7443, GRID grid.7914.b, SLCR-Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgt. 55, Pb. 7803, ; NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
                Article
                14282
                10.1038/s41598-017-14282-3
                5656668
                29070796
                c69b78af-4a3a-4abb-99e2-3f05a867f6f7
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 29 June 2017
                : 6 October 2017
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content537

                Cited by4

                Most referenced authors658