Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on Phenolic Accumulation in Wounded Broccoli

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Abstract

In order to find an efficient way for broccoli to increase the phenolic content, this study intended primarily to elucidate the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on the phenolic accumulation in broccoli. The optimum concentration of MeJA was studied first, and 10 μM MeJA was chosen as the most effective concentration to improve the phenolic content in wounded broccoli. Furthermore, in order to elucidate the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on phenolic biosynthesis in broccoli, the key enzyme activities of phenylpropanoid metabolism, the total phenolic content (TPC), individual phenolic compounds (PC), antioxidant activity (AOX) and antioxidant metabolism-associated enzyme activities were investigated. Results show that MeJA treatment stimulated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and 4-coumarin coenzyme A ligase (4CL) enzymes activities in phenylpropanoid metabolism, and inhibited the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and further accelerated the accumulation of the wound-induced rutin, caffeic acid, and cinnamic acid accumulation, which contributed to the result of the total phenolic content increasing by 34.8% and ferric reducing antioxidant power increasing by 154.9% in broccoli. These results demonstrate that MeJA in combination with wounding stress can induce phenylpropanoid metabolism for the wound-induced phenolic accumulation in broccoli.

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Evolution and current status of research in phenolic compounds.

Alain-Michel Boudet (2007)

Phenolic compounds are ubiquitous in plants which collectively synthesize several thousand different chemical structures characterized by hydroxylated aromatic ring(s). These compounds play several important functions in plants. They represent a striking example of metabolic plasticity enabling plants to adapt to changing biotic and abiotic environments and provide to plant products colour, taste, technological properties and putative health promoting benefits. Phenolic compounds represent the most studied phytochemicals and have been widely exploited as model systems in different areas of plant research. Initial studies in the field concerned the analytical characterization of a wide range of structures and of relevant enzymes with PAL being one of the most studied plant enzymes. This research is still active due to the complexity of the structures and the biosynthetic pathways As an example, the nature and functions of enzymes involved in lignin synthesis have been revisited several times, even in recent years. More recently, molecular biology and genomics have provided additional understanding of the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these compounds with special emphasis on the regulation of gene expression by environmental factors. The extensive characterization of genes encoding the different enzymatic steps of flavonoid synthesis and cytochrome P450 genes have been among the most recent advances in this area. Metabolic engineering of lignins and flavonoids has been deeply investigated. Significant positive results have been obtained in both areas but the negative European opinion towards genetically modified organisms has considerably hampered potential applications. From a more basic point of view, global approaches (such as transcript and metabolite profiling) have investigated the repercussions of these engineered modulations of specific phenolics synthesis on other branches of plant metabolism. These studies have revealed a substantial and sometimes unexpected network of regulatory interactions. In the present time, the societal demand and an increasing interest for practical applications has stimulated a wide range of biological and epidemiological studies aiming at characterizing the health promoting properties of specific phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities towards cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases or for use in antiaging or cosmetic products. Increased emphasis on sustainable development should stimulate innovative investigations on phenolic synthesis for improving plant biomass and for a better control of plant and animal health.

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Systematic analysis of the content of 502 polyphenols in 452 foods and beverages: an application of the phenol-explorer database.

Augustin Scalbert, Vanessa Neveu, Jara Pérez-Jiménez … (2010)

Considerable information on polyphenol content in foods is scattered in up to 1000 peer-reviewed publications and is therefore not easily exploited. Over 60000 food composition data have been collected from this literature and stored in the new Phenol-Explorer database ( www.phenol-explorer.eu ). Thirty-seven thousand data were selected after evaluation and aggregated separately according to 5 categories of analytical methods to generate mean content values for 502 compounds (glycosides, esters, or aglycones) in 452 foods. These data are exploited here in a first systematic analysis of the content in foods of these 502 polyphenols. These data will be useful for epidemiologists to determine polyphenol intake and associations with health and diseases in populations and for food scientitsts and food manufacturers to develop new products with optimized properties.

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Current evidence on the effect of dietary polyphenols intake on chronic diseases.

Concettina Fenga, Chiara Costa, Aristidis Tsatsakis … (2017)

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants. They comprise several antioxidant compounds and they are generally considered to be involved in the defense against human chronic diseases. During the last years, there has been growing scientific interest in their potential health benefits. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the current evidence defining the position of their dietary intake in the prevention/treatment of human chronic diseases, including prostate cancer and other types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease; we also discuss their ability to modulate multiple signalling transduction pathways involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Despite the fact that data regarding the biological functions of polyphenols can be considered exhaustive, evidence is still inadequate to support clear beneficial effects on human chronic diseases. Currently, most data suggest that a combination of phytochemicals rather than any single polyphenol is responsible for health benefit. More studies investigating the role of polyphenols in the prevention of chronic human diseases are needed, especially for evaluating factors such as gender, age, genotype, metabolism and bioavailability.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Susana M. Cardoso: Role: Academic Editor

Alessia Fazio: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules

Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules

Title: Molecules

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049

Publication date (Electronic): 30 September 2019

Publication date Collection: October 2019

Volume: 24

Issue: 19

Electronic Location Identifier: 3537

Affiliations

[1 ]School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; guanyuge@ 123456foxmail.com (Y.G.); xyping@ 123456dlut.edu.cn (Y.X.); kuailexiaosa@ 123456sina.com (R.S.); jyr2011037110@ 123456mail.dlut.edu.cn (Y.J.); mengyanghou@ 123456yahoo.com (M.H.); yxiaozhe@ 123456163.com (X.Y.)

[2 ]College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; jal@ 123456dlnu.edu.cn (A.J.); fengkessky@ 123456sina.com (K.F.); ZhManRu@ 123456163.com (M.Z.); huaqianshua@ 123456163.com (J.Y.)

[3 ]Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China

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[* ]Correspondence: wenzhongh@ 123456sina.com ; Tel.: +86-135-9116-2665

Article

Publisher ID: molecules-24-03537

DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193537

PMC ID: 6804049

PubMed ID: 31574924

SO-VID: c23fc7bc-d253-4c5a-8396-44f8ebe1e8a3

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on Phenolic Accumulation in Wounded Broccoli

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Abstract

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Most cited references 40

Evolution and current status of research in phenolic compounds.

Systematic analysis of the content of 502 polyphenols in 452 foods and beverages: an application of the phenol-explorer database.

Current evidence on the effect of dietary polyphenols intake on chronic diseases.

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