Phenotypic and SRAP genetic diversity analysis of 41 yellow pepper germplasm resources

Abstract

[Objective] In this study, the genetic diversity of 41 yellow pepper germplasms resources was analyzed, the germplasm resources of yellow pepper with good resistance and good quality were screened for yellow pepper variety breeding in Fujian.

[Method] Based on 41 accessions of yellow pepper germplasm resources, 12 quantitative traits and 10 descriptive traits were observed and analyzed, and genetic diversity was analyzed by amplification of SRAP molecular markers. Based on phenotypic data and SRAP molecular marker amplification, cluster analysis was performed.

[Result] The coefficient of variation of 12 quantitative characters ranged from 14.20% to 39.98%, with an average of 26.61%. The coefficient of variation of petiole length, fruit length, single fruit weight and fruit number per plant were all greater than 25.00%, indicating that there were abundant variations in these traits and had a good basis for genetic improvement. The diversity index of 10 descriptive characters ranged from 0.1985 to 1.0791, with an average of 0.5061. The anthocyanin color rendering degree was high, and the diversity indexes of internode hair, growth vigor and plant morphology were low. Based on phenotypic clustering analysis, the 41 yellow pepper germplasm resources could be divided into four classes, I group included 11 yellow pepper germplasm resources, II group included 14 yellow pepper germplasm resources, III group included 5 yellow pepper germplasm resources, IV group included 13 germplasm resources. The 41 yellow pepper germplasm resources with similar traits clustered into a group. In SRAP analysis, a total of 117 bands were detected by 14 primer pairs, among which 90 bands were polymorphic, and the polymorphism ratio was 76.92%. Cluster analysis results based on SRAP molecular markers showed that similarity coefficient between material was 0.80-1.00, the genetic similarity coefficient was at 0.85, yellow pepper materials were divided into 6 groups, the I and VI groups only contained one sample material, the group II included 4 samples, III group included 29 samples material, and IV and V groups included 3 samples material, materials from the same were in the same cluster. It could be seen that the clustering results based on SRAP molecular markers were more inclined to the distance of kinship than the clustering results based on phenotype.

[Conclusion] The germplasm resources of yellow pepper have rich genetic diversity. Using SRAP molecular markers to assist the breeding of new varieties of yellow pepper, screen out the homozygous materials with excellent comprehensive traits and distant genetic relationship, which can effectively solve the problems of low parental selection efficiency and slow breeding process in pepper breeding

Abstract

摘要：【目的】对41份黄椒种质资源进行遗传多样性分析, 为福建省筛选出抗性好、品质优的特色黄椒种质资源, 也为后续优良黄椒品种选育的亲本选配提供参考。 【方法】以41份黄椒种质为材料, 对12个数量性状和10个描述性性 状进行观测分析, 并通过SRAP分子标记的扩增结果进行遗传多样性分析。基于表型测定数据和SRAP扩增结果进行 聚类分析。 【结果】12个数量性状的变异系数为14.20%~39.98%, 平均为26.61%, 其中, 叶柄长、果长、单果重和单株果 数的变异系数较大, 均大于25.00%, 说明这些性状存在丰富的变异, 具有较好的遗传改良基础。10个描述性性状的 多样性指数为0.1985-1.0791, 平均为0.5061, 以花青甙显色程度最高, 以节间茸毛、生长势和植株形态的多样性指数 较低。基于表型测定数据的聚类分析结果显示, 可将41份黄椒种质材料分成四大类, 第I类群包括11份种质材料, 第 II类群包括14份种质材料, 第III类群包括5份种质材料, 第IV类群包括13份种质材料, 整体来说, 性状相似的种质资源 聚为一类。利用14对SRAP引物组合共扩增出117条条带, 其中有90条多态性条带, 多态性比率达76.92%。基于 SRAP分子标记的聚类分析结果显示, 材料间相似系数变化范围在0.80-1.00之间, 在遗传相似系数为0.85处, 41份黄 椒种质材料被分为六大类群, I第VI群组均仅含1份种质材料, 第II群组包括4份种质材料, 第III群组包括29份种质 材料, 第IV和V群组均有3份种质材料, 来源地相同的种质聚为一类。可见, 基于SRAP分子标记的聚类结果比基于表 型的聚类结果更倾向于亲缘关系的远近。 【结论】黄椒种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。利用SRAP分子标记辅助黄 椒新品种选育, 筛选出亲缘关系较远的综合性状优良纯合材料, 可有效解决辣椒育种中亲本选择效率低、育种进程慢 等问题。