11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Impacts of roads and trails on floral diversity and structure of Ganga-Choti forest in Kashmir Himalayas Translated title: Impactos de caminos y senderos en la diversidad de flora y la estructura del bosque de Ganga-Choti en Cachemira, Himalaya

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          SUMMARY: Roads and trails bring deteriorating changes in the structure and composition of forests. The present study investigated the impact of roads and trails on floral diversity and structure of Ganga Choti forest, Kashmir. Phytosociological attributes using systematic quadrate sampling were recorded and analyzed using multivariate ordination techniques including Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The total number of species found in the area was 101 belonging to 47 plant families. The dominant family was Poaceae followed by Labiateae, Asteraceae and Rosaceae. The dominant species of the area included Pinus wallichiana, Abies pindrow, Viburnum grandiflorum, Sarcococca saligna, Poa alpina, Fragaria nubicola, Onychium japonicum and Poa pratensis. The dominant life form was Hemicryptophyte (31.68 %), whereas leaf spectra class was Microphyll (30.69 %). The average diversity value was 3.39 with a maximum of 3.71 at the control site and 3.08 at the disturbed site. Average tree density was 505/ha with a maximum of 680/ha at the control site and a minimum of 330/ha at the disturbed site. Intense deforestation was indicated by a stump density value of 330/ha. Results revealed that roads and trails have adversely affected the composition and structure of vegetation with high pressure on keystone tree species. Disturbed sites showed lower values of diversity indices, species richness and regeneration synchronized with high deforestation, overgrazing, erosion and increased frequency of invasive species. The study area needs immediate attention of the management for conservation of local forests by minimizing the impacts of roads and trails.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Los caminos y senderos deterioran la estructura y composición de los bosques. El presente estudio investigó el impacto de los caminos y senderos en la diversidad de flora y la estructura del bosque de Ganga Choti, Cachemira. Los atributos fitosociológicos se registraron mediante muestreo cuadrado sistemático. Los atributos fitosociológicos se registraron utilizando un muestreo cuadrado sistemático y se analizaron mediante técnicas de ordenación multivariante, que incluyeron análisis de componentes principales y análisis de conglomerados. Se encontraron 101 especies plantas en el área, pertenencias a 47 familias. La familia dominante fue Poaceae seguida de Labiateae, Asteraceae y Rosaceae. Las especies dominantes del área incluyeron Pinus wallichiana, Abies pindrow, Viburnum grandiflorum, Sarcococca saligna, Poa alpina, Fragaria nubicola, Onychium japonicum y Poa pratensis. La forma de vida dominante fue hemicriptófita (31,68 %), mientras que la clase de espectros de hojas fue microfila (30,69 %). El valor de diversidad promedio fue 3,39 con un máximo de 3,71 en el sitio de control y 3,08 en el sitio alterado. La densidad promedio de árboles por hectárea fue de 505 con un máximo de 680 en el sitio de control y un mínimo de 330 en el sitio alterado. La deforestación intensa fue indicada por un valor de densidad de tocones por hectárea de 330. Los resultados revelaron que los caminos y senderos han afectado adversamente la composición y la estructura de la vegetación con alta presión sobre especies clave de árboles. Los sitios alterados mostraron valores menores de índices de diversidad, riqueza de especies y regeneración, sincronizados con alta deforestación, pastoreo excesivo, erosión y mayor frecuencia de especies invasoras. El área de estudio necesita una atención inmediata de la administración para la conservación de los bosques locales para minimizar los impactos de los caminos y senderos.

          Related collections

          Most cited references18

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Road paving, fire regime feedbacks, and the future of Amazon forests

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Tree species composition, dispersion and diversity along a disturbance gradient in a dry tropical forest region of India

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Integrating Landscape Disturbance and Indicator Species in Conservation Studies

              Successful conservation plans are conditioned by our ability to detect anthropogenic change in space and time and various statistical analyses have been developed to handle this critical issue. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate a new approach for spatial analysis in conservation biology. Here, we propose a two-step protocol. First, we introduce a new disturbance metric which provides a continuous measure of disturbance for any focal communities on the basis of the surrounding landscape matrix. Second, we use this new gradient to estimate species and community disturbance thresholds by implementing a recently developed method called Threshold Indicator Taxa ANalysis (TITAN). TITAN detects changes in species distributions along environmental gradients using indicators species analysis and assesses synchrony among species change points as evidence for community thresholds. We demonstrate our method with soil arthropod assemblages along a disturbance gradient in Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal). We show that our new disturbance metric realistically reflects disturbance patterns, especially in buffer zones (ecotones) between land use categories. By estimating species disturbance thresholds with TITAN along the disturbance gradient in Terceira, we show that species significantly associated with low disturbance differ from those associated with high disturbance in their biogeographical origin (endemics, non-endemic natives and exotics) and taxonomy (order). Finally, we suggest that mapping the disturbance community thresholds may reveal areas of primary interest for conservation, since these may host indigenous species sensitive to high disturbance levels. This new framework may be useful when: (1) both local and regional processes are to be reflected on single disturbance measures; (2) these are better quantified in a continuous gradient; (3) mapping disturbance of large regions using fine scales is necessary; (4) indicator species for disturbance are searched for and; (5) community thresholds are useful to understand the global dynamics of habitats.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bosque
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales (Valdivia, , Chile )
                0717-9200
                2018
                : 39
                : 1
                : 71-79
                Affiliations
                [1] Muzaffarabad orgnameUniversity of Azad Jammu and Kashmir orgdiv1Department of Botany Pakistan
                Article
                S0717-92002018000100071
                10.4067/S0717-92002018000100071
                bebf4844-2530-4985-9348-615c8dac1320

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 December 2016
                : 26 December 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                sobrepastoreo,deforestación,diversidad de especies,Himalaya,overgrazing,species diversity,deforestation,Himalayas

                Comments

                Comment on this article