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      Multi-Channel Exploration of O Adatom on TiO 2(110) Surface by Scanning Probe Microscopy

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          Abstract

          We studied the O 2 dissociated state under the different O 2 exposed temperatures with atomic resolution by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and imaged the O adatom by simultaneous atomic force microscopy (AFM)/scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The effect of AFM operation mode on O adatom contrast was investigated, and the interaction of O adatom and the subsurface defect was observed by AFM/STM. Multi-channel exploration was performed to investigate the charge transfer between the adsorbed O and the TiO 2(110) by obtaining the frequency shift, tunneling current and local contact potential difference at an atomic scale. The tunneling current image showed the difference of the tunneling possibility on the single O adatom and paired O adatoms, and the local contact potential difference distribution of the O-TiO 2(110) surface institutively revealed the charge transfer from TiO 2(110) surface to O adatom. The experimental results are expected to be helpful in investigating surface/interface properties by SPM.

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          Kelvin probe force microscopy and its application

          Wilhelm Melitz, Jian Shen, Andrew Kummel … (2011)
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            The role of interstitial sites in the Ti3d defect state in the band gap of titania.

            S. Wendt, P T Sprunger, E Lira … (2008)
            Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has a number of uses in catalysis, photochemistry, and sensing that are linked to the reducibility of the oxide. Usually, bridging oxygen (Obr) vacancies are assumed to cause the Ti3d defect state in the band gap of rutile TiO2(110). From high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, we propose that Ti interstitials in the near-surface region may be largely responsible for the defect state in the band gap. We argue that these donor-specific sites play a key role in and may dictate the ensuing surface chemistry, such as providing the electronic charge required for O2 adsorption and dissociation. Specifically, we identified a second O2 dissociation channel that occurs within the Ti troughs in addition to the O2 dissociation channel in O(br) vacancies. Comprehensive density functional theory calculations support these experimental observations.
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              Real-space identification of intermolecular bonding with atomic force microscopy.

              Pengcheng Chen, Xiaohui Qiu, Jun Zhang … (2013)
              We report a real-space visualization of the formation of hydrogen bonding in 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-hq) molecular assemblies on a Cu(111) substrate, using noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). The atomically resolved molecular structures enable a precise determination of the characteristics of hydrogen bonding networks, including the bonding sites, orientations, and lengths. The observation of bond contrast was interpreted by ab initio density functional calculations, which indicated the electron density contribution from the hybridized electronic state of the hydrogen bond. Intermolecular coordination between the dehydrogenated 8-hq and Cu adatoms was also revealed by the submolecular resolution AFM characterization. The direct identification of local bonding configurations by NC-AFM would facilitate detailed investigations of intermolecular interactions in complex molecules with multiple active sites.
              Article 0 comments Cited 109 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nanomaterials (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nanomaterials (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): nanomaterials
                Title: Nanomaterials
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2079-4991
                Publication date (Electronic): 31 July 2020
                Publication date Collection: August 2020
                Volume: 10
                Issue: 8
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1506
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; wenhuanfei@ 123456nuc.edu.cn (H.F.W.); sugawara@ 123456ap.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp (Y.S.)
                [2 ]Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2972-9669
                Article
                Publisher ID: nanomaterials-10-01506
                DOI: 10.3390/nano10081506
                PMC ID: 7466602
                PubMed ID: 32751956
                SO-VID: bb7df22e-c772-4513-95b0-de243e242458
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 08 July 2020
                Date accepted : 29 July 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: multi-channel,surface property,scanning probe microscopy
                Data availability:
                Keywords: multi-channel, surface property, scanning probe microscopy

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