2
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Identifying extended psychosis phenotypes at school: Associations with socio-emotional adjustment, academic, and neurocognitive outcomes

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The main goal of the present study was to explore the latent structure of extended psychosis phenotypes in a representative sample of adolescents. Moreover, associations with socio-emotional adjustment, academic achievement, and neurocognition performance across the latent profiles were compared. Participants were 1506 students, 667 males (44.3%), derived from random cluster sampling. Various tools were used to measure psychosis risk, subjective well-being, academic performance, and neurocognition. Based on three psychometric indicators of psychosis risk (schizotypal traits, psychotic-like experiences, and bipolar-like experiences), four latent classes were found: non-risk, low-risk, high reality distortion experiences, and high psychosis liability. The high-risk latent groups scored significantly higher on mental health difficulties, and negative affect, and lower on positive affect and well-being, compared to the two non-risk groups. Moreover, these high-risk groups had a significantly higher number of failed academic subjects compared to the non-risk groups. In addition, no statistically significant differences in efficiency performance were found in the neurocognitive domains across the four latent profiles. This study allows us to improve the early identification of adolescents at risk of serious mental disorder in school settings in order to prevent the incidence and burden associated with these kinds of mental health problems.

          Related collections

          Most cited references44

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire.

          Bipolar spectrum disorders, which include bipolar I, bipolar II, and bipolar disorder not otherwise specified, frequently go unrecognized, undiagnosed, and untreated. This report describes the validation of a new brief self-report screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorders called the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. A total of 198 patients attending five outpatient clinics that primarily treat patients with mood disorders completed the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. A research professional, blind to the Mood Disorder Questionnaire results, conducted a telephone research diagnostic interview by means of the bipolar module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. A Mood Disorder Questionnaire screening score of 7 or more items yielded good sensitivity (0.73) and very good specificity (0.90). The Mood Disorder Questionnaire is a useful screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder in a psychiatric outpatient population.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Age group and sex differences in performance on a computerized neurocognitive battery in children age 8-21.

            Examine age group effects and sex differences by applying a comprehensive computerized battery of identical behavioral measures linked to brain systems in youths that were already genotyped. Such information is needed to incorporate behavioral data as neuropsychological "biomarkers" in large-scale genomic studies. We developed and applied a brief computerized neurocognitive battery that provides measures of performance accuracy and response time for executive-control, episodic memory, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed domains. We tested a population-based sample of 3,500 genotyped youths ages 8-21 years. Substantial improvement with age occurred for both accuracy and speed, but the rates varied by domain. The most pronounced improvement was noted in executive control functions, specifically attention, and in motor speed, with some effect sizes exceeding 1.8 standard deviation units. The least pronounced age group effect was in memory, where only face memory showed a large effect size on improved accuracy. Sex differences had much smaller effect sizes but were evident, with females outperforming males on attention, word and face memory, reasoning speed, and all social cognition tests and males outperforming females in spatial processing and sensorimotor and motor speed. These sex differences in most domains were seen already at the youngest age groups, and age group × sex interactions indicated divergence at the oldest groups with females becoming faster but less accurate than males. The results indicate that cognitive performance improves substantially in this age span, with large effect sizes that differ by domain. The more pronounced improvement for executive and reasoning domains than for memory suggests that memory capacities have reached their apex before age 8. Performance was sexually modulated and most sex differences were apparent by early adolescence.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Prevention of Psychosis: Advances in Detection, Prognosis, and Intervention

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Investigation
                Role: MethodologyRole: Supervision
                Role: Funding acquisitionRole: Investigation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                21 August 2020
                2020
                : 15
                : 8
                : e0237968
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
                [2 ] Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
                [3 ] Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA), University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
                [4 ] Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
                [5 ] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
                University of Sao Paulo Medical School, BRAZIL
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-0946
                Article
                PONE-D-20-01426
                10.1371/journal.pone.0237968
                7446872
                32822380
                b95d8003-c6cd-4170-a03b-aeb0e618db00
                © 2020 Lucas-Molina et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 16 January 2020
                : 6 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 4, Pages: 15
                Funding
                EF-P was supported by la Convocatoria 2015 de “Ayudas Fundación BBVA a Investigadores y Creadores Culturales”, by “Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de investigación científica 2017”, and FEDER La Rioja 2014-2020 (SRS 6FRSABC026).
                Categories
                Research Article
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Psychoses
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Epidemiology
                Medical Risk Factors
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Age Groups
                Children
                Adolescents
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Families
                Children
                Adolescents
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Psychometrics
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Psychometrics
                Social Sciences
                Sociology
                Education
                Schools
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Science
                Cognitive Psychology
                Academic Skills
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Cognitive Psychology
                Academic Skills
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Cognitive Psychology
                Academic Skills
                Custom metadata
                The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions (data contains potentially sensitive information). The ethics committee of the University of La Rioja is responsible for restricting the data. Person responsible can be reached at jose-maria.dalmau@ 123456unirioja.es .

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article