A Molecular Approach to Understanding the Role of Diet in Cancer-Related Fatigue: Challenges and Future Opportunities

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Abstract

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is considered one of the most frequent and distressing symptoms for cancer survivors. Despite its high prevalence, factors that predispose, precipitate, and perpetuate CRF are poorly understood. Emerging research focuses on cancer and treatment-related nutritional complications, changes in body composition, and nutritional deficiencies that can compound CRF. Nutritional metabolomics, the novel study of diet-related metabolites in cells, tissues, and biofluids, offers a promising tool to further address these research gaps. In this position paper, we examine CRF risk factors, summarize metabolomics studies of CRF, outline dietary recommendations for the prevention and management of CRF in cancer survivorship, and identify knowledge gaps and challenges in applying nutritional metabolomics to understand dietary contributions to CRF over the cancer survivorship trajectory.

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Cancer-related fatigue--mechanisms, risk factors, and treatments.

Julienne Bower (2014)

Fatigue is one of the most common adverse effects of cancer that might persist for years after treatment completion in otherwise healthy survivors. Cancer-related fatigue causes disruption in all aspects of quality of life and might be a risk factor of reduced survival. The prevalence and course of fatigue in patients with cancer have been well characterized and there is growing understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Inflammation seems to have a key role in fatigue before, during, and after cancer-treatment. However, there is a considerable variability in the presentation of cancer-related fatigue, much of which is not explained by disease-related or treatment-related characteristics, suggesting that host factors might be important in the development and persistence of this symptom. Indeed, longitudinal studies have identified genetic, biological, psychosocial, and behavioural risk factors associated with cancer-related fatigue. Although no current gold-standard treatment for fatigue is available, a variety of intervention approaches have shown beneficial effects in randomized controlled trials, including physical activity, psychosocial, mind-body, and pharmacological treatments. This Review describes the mechanisms, risk factors, and possible interventions for cancer-related fatigue, focusing on recent longitudinal studies and randomized trials that have targeted fatigued patients.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Sylvia L. Crowder: (View ORCID Profile)

Mary C. Playdon: (View ORCID Profile)

Biljana Gigic: (View ORCID Profile)

Leigh Greathouse: (View ORCID Profile)

Alix G. Sleight: (View ORCID Profile)

Heather S. L. Jim: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): NUTRHU

Title: Nutrients

Abbreviated Title: Nutrients

Publisher: MDPI AG

ISSN (Electronic): 2072-6643

Publication date Created: April 2022

Publication date (Electronic): April 02 2022

Volume: 14

Issue: 7

Page: 1496

Article

DOI: 10.3390/nu14071496

SO-VID: b02c5e81-6a3f-4901-a252-f1983db59b9a

License:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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