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      Inducción de brotes a partir de varas florales de la orquídea Phalaenopsis spp. (Blume) in vitro Translated title: Outbreak induction from floral stem orchid Phalaenopsis spp. (Blume) in vitro

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          Abstract

          Resumen La inducción de brotes in vitro es una estrategia de la micropropagación vegetal utilizada para incrementar la producción de orquídeas, en comparación con el cultivo tradicional que requiere un amplio periodo de tiempo para obtener una población sustancial para comercialización. El objetivo de este estudio fue inducir la formación de brotes in vitro a partir de las yemas florales de la orquídea Phalaenopsis spp., mediante una ruta de organogénesis. Se evaluaron cuatro formulaciones de sales minerales (MS al 100%, MS al 50%, Knudson y Fertilizante NPK 18-9-18/15-30-15) y cuatro variedades de Phalaenopsis spp. para determinar la viabilidad de los explantes. Se evaluaron dos reguladores de crecimiento (6-bencilaminopurina BAP 20.2 µM solo y combinado con ácido naftalenacético ANA 5.37 µM), para determinar la inducción de brotes. Los resultados indican que la oxidación en los explantes depende de las sales minerales de los medios de cultivo, así como de la variedad de orquídea; la inducción de brotes depende del regulador de crecimiento empleado. Los reguladores BAP/ANA produjeron 2.4 brotes por yema contra 2 en BAP. El medio MS 50% resultó ser la mejor opción para mantener la viabilidad de las yemas florales.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The induction of outbreaks in vitro is a strategy of the vegetable micropropagation used to increase the production of orchids, in comparison with the traditional crop that requires a long period of time to obtain a substantial population for commercialization. The objective of this study was to induce in vitro outbreak formation from the flower outbreaks of the orchid Phalaenopsis spp., using an organogenesis route. Four mineral salt formulations (MS 100%, MS 50%, Knudson and NPK Fertilizer 18-9-18/15-30-15) and four varieties of Phalaenopsis spp. to determine the viability of explants. Two growth regulators (6.2-benzylaminopurine BAP 20.2 µM alone and combined with naphthalenacetic acid ANA 5.37 µM) were evaluated to determine outbreak induction. The results indicate that oxidation in explants depends on the mineral salts of the culture media, as well as the variety of orchid; outbreak induction depends on the growth regulator used. BAP/ANA regulators produced 2.4 outbreaks per outbreak against 2 in BAP. The MS 50% medium proved to be the best option to maintain the viability of the flower outbreaks.

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          Plant genotype affects total antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents in fruit.

          We wanted to determine the total antioxidant capacity (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid equivalent antioxidant assay; TEAC) of different species and cultivars (strawberry and apple) and to characterize the TEAC among fruits of the same varieties (peach and apricot) but grafted on different rootstocks. The study was carried out with wild strawberry, six varieties of cultivated strawberry, and five varieties of apple and with apricot and peach grafted on five different rootstocks that are known to induce different plant vigor and fruit qualitative features. The TEAC (considering lipophilic and hydrophilic contributions) was determined for all fruit varieties, and total polyphenol contents were assayed. One-way analysis of variance was used to test differences among fruits and to identify possible correlations of TEAC versus total phenolics. The following hierarchy of antioxidant activities was found: wild strawberries > cultivated strawberries > kiwifruit = apples = apricots = peaches. Further, differences were found among strawberries with different genotypes and in apricots and peaches grafted from different rootstocks. These observations suggest the importance of genotype for determining antioxidant potential and phenolic contents. Variety manipulation may be a powerful tool for modifying antioxidant fruit patterns and contents.
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            Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis by culturing shoot tips of flower stalk buds.

            Green Protocorm-like Bodies (PLB) with high multiplication capacity were induced from shoot tips of flower stalk buds having 1 or 2 leaf primordia using New Dogashima Medium (NDM) containing 0.1 mg l(-1) α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg 1(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). These PLB were subcultured on the same medium. More than 10,000 PLBs were obtained from a few buds on a single flower stalk within one year. After transfer onto NDM containing no plant growth regulator (PGR), the PLB developed into plantlets. The micropropagation method formulated in this study was applicable to 12 different genotypes. These results suggest that the methodology could be used on a commercial scale for vegetative propagation of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis.
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              Plant regeneration from callus culture of Cymbidium ensifolium var. misericors

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                remexca
                Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas
                Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico )
                2007-0934
                2019
                : 10
                : 6
                : 1207-1218
                Affiliations
                [3] Celaya Guanajuato orgnameInstituto Tecnológico de Roque Mexico eagarci1@ 123456hotmail.com
                [2] Gral. Escobedo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León orgdiv1Campus Ciencias Agropecuarias Mexico omar-alvarado@ 123456prodigy.net.mx
                [1] Marín orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León orgdiv1Unidad Marín Mexico k.frausto.jaime@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S2007-09342019000601207 S2007-0934(19)01000601207
                10.29312/remexca.v10i6.608
                aacf9ee1-9094-4b5b-b594-49dec7c2293b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 September 2019
                : 01 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                Phalaenopsis,organogenesis,micropropagation,organogénesis,micropropagación

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