A Comprehensive Survey on the Cooperation of Fog Computing Paradigm-Based IoT Applications: Layered Architecture, Real-Time Security Issues, and Solutions

[1 ]Department of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

[2 ]School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

[3 ]Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

[4 ]Department of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan

[5 ]Department of Information Sciences, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan

[6 ]School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland

[7 ]Department of Computer Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan