Epidemic characteristics of young students aged 15 to 24 years old infected with HIV in Hubei, 2010-2019

Abstract

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV or AIDS patients among young students aged 15 to 24 years old in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2019, and to provide reference for the school prevention and control strategies.

Methods Historical retrospective research methods was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV or AIDS cases among students aged 15-24 in Hubei Province during 2010-2019, based on the data from HIV/AIDS prevention and control information system.

Results Totally 1 012 HIV/AIDS cases were reported among students aged 15 to 24 years in Hubei province during 2010 to 2019, with 99.01% (1 002 cases) of the males, 82.02% (830 cases) of 18 to 22 years old, and 83.89% (849 cases) of education level of junior college or above. The incidence of young students increased year by year, with an average annual growth rate of 19.12%. And 314 cases (31.03%) were found by voluntary testing consultation (VCT), 456 cases (45.06%) by medical institutions, 55 cases (5.43%) by special investigation, and 187 cases (18.48%) by other methods. There were significant differences in the proportion of cases found from different sources (χ ²=73.898, P<0.001). And 88.93% (900 cases) of male students were infected through homosexual transmission, and heterosexual transmission was mainly non-marital non-commercial transmission. The proportion of first CD4 ⁺T lymphocyte count of young students <200 cells/μL decreased year by year, mainly between 200-<500 cells/μL.

Conclusions The number of reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Hubei Province keeps rising, with the main epidemic feature of more incidence rate of male and homosexual transmission. Voluntary counseling and testing and medical institution testing are still the most important ways to discover the potential young students patients. In order to control new infections and spread of HIV, it is necessary to improve the accessibility of testing and consultation and promote students’ testing initiative.

Abstract

摘要： 目的 了解湖北省 2010—2019 年 15~24 岁青年学生艾滋病的流行特征, 为制订学校艾滋病相关政策提供参 考依据。 方法 采用历史回顾研究方法, 利用全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统艾滋病疫情网络直报系统数据, 对 2010—2019 年新报告现住址为湖北省的15~24 岁青年学生 HIV/AIDS 病例流行特征作描述性分析。 结果 2010—2019 年, 湖 北省按现住址新报告 15~24 岁学生 HIV/AIDS 病例 1 012 例, 其中男性 1 002 例(占 99.01%), 18~<22 岁年龄组 830 例(占 82.02%) 学历为大专及以上 849 例(占 83.89%)。青年学生发病人数呈逐年上升, 年均增长率为 19.12%。病例发现途 径来源于自愿检测咨询 (VCT) 314 例(占 31.03%), 医疗机构检测 456 例 (占 45.06%), 专题调査 55 例(占 5.43%), 其他 187 例 (占 18.48%), 来源不同的病例构成比差异有统计学意义(χ ²=73.898, P<0.001)。青年学生的传播途径以同性传播 为主 88.93%(900 例), 异性传播主要为非婚非商业性传播。青年学生首次 CD4 ⁺T 淋巴细胞计数 <200个/μL 占比逐年 降低, 大部分介于 200~<500个/μL。 结论 湖北省青年学生 HIV/AIDS 病例数逐年上升, 以男性和同性传播为主要流行 特征。自愿咨询检测和医疗机构检测是青年学生 HIV/AIDS 病例主要的发现途径。目前青年学生 HIV/AIDS 病例晚发 现比例较高, 提高检测咨询的可及性和高危行为后的检测意识, 对于控制新发感染和病毒传播具有重要意义。