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      Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality, Beijing, China, 2007–2015

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          Abstract

          During July 2007–June 2015, we enrolled 4,225 hospitalized children with pneumonia in a study to determine the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in Beijing, China. We defined season as the period during which >10% of total PCRs performed each week were RSV positive. We identified 8 distinctive RSV seasons. On average, the season onset occurred at week 41 (mid-October) and lasted 33 weeks, through week 20 of the next year (mid-May); 97% of all RSV-positive cases occurred during the season. RSV seasons occurred 3–5 weeks earlier and lasted ≈6 weeks longer in RSV subgroup A–dominant years than in RSV subgroup B–dominant years. Our analysis indicates that monitoring such RSV subgroup shifts might provide better estimates for the onset of RSV transmission. PCR-based tests could be a flexible or complementary way of determining RSV seasonality in locations where RSV surveillance is less well-established, such as local hospitals throughout China.

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          Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. children.

          Seema Jain, Derek Williams, Sandra Arnold … (2015)
          Incidence estimates of hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia among children in the United States that are based on prospective data collection are limited. Updated estimates of pneumonia that has been confirmed radiographically and with the use of current laboratory diagnostic tests are needed.
          Article 0 comments Cited 618 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Viral etiology of severe pneumonia among Kenyan infants and children.

            James A. Berkley, Patrick Munywoki, Mwanajuma Ngama … (2010)
            Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood death in sub-Saharan Africa. Comparative estimates of the contribution of causative pathogens to the burden of disease are essential for targeted vaccine development. To determine the viral etiology of severe pneumonia among infants and children at a rural Kenyan hospital using comprehensive and sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques. Prospective observational and case-control study during 2007 in a rural Kenyan district hospital. Participants were children aged 1 day to 12 years, residing in a systematically enumerated catchment area, and who either were admitted to Kilifi District Hospital meeting World Health Organization clinical criteria for severe pneumonia or very severe pneumonia; (2) presented with mild upper respiratory tract infection but were not admitted; or (3) were well infants and children attending for immunization. The presence of respiratory viruses and the odds ratio for admission with severe disease. Of 922 eligible admitted patients, 759 were sampled (82% [median age, 9 months]). One or more respiratory viruses were detected in 425 of the 759 sampled (56% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 52%-60%]). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in 260 participants (34% [95% CI, 31%-38%]) and other respiratory viruses were detected in 219 participants (29%; 95% CI, 26%-32%), the most common being Human coronavirus 229E (n = 51 [6.7%]), influenza type A (n = 44 [5.8%]), Parainfluenza type 3 (n = 29 [3.8%]), Human adenovirus (n = 29 [3.8%]), and Human metapneumovirus (n = 23 [3.0%]). Compared with well control participants, detection of RSV was associated with severe disease (5% [corrected] in control participants; adjusted odds ratio, 6.11 [95% CI, 1.65-22.6]) while collectively, other respiratory viruses were not associated with severe disease (23% in control participants; adjusted odds ratio, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.64-2.52]). In a sample of Kenyan infants and children admitted with severe pneumonia to a rural hospital, RSV was the predominant viral pathogen.
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              Lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus: current management and new therapeutics.

              Natalie I Mazur, Federico Martinón-Torres, Eugenio Baraldi … (2015)
              Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. Evidence-based management guidelines suggest that there is no effective treatment for RSV lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and that supportive care, ie, hydration and oxygenation, remains the cornerstone of clinical management. However, RSV treatments in development in the past decade include 10 vaccines and 11 therapeutic agents in active clinical trials. Maternal vaccination is particularly relevant because the most severe disease occurs within the first 6 months of life, when children are unlikely to benefit from active immunisation. We must optimise the implementation of novel RSV therapeutics by understanding the target populations, showing safety, and striving for acceptable pricing in the context of this worldwide health problem. In this Review, we outline the limitations of RSV LRTI management, the drugs in development, and the remaining challenges related to study design, regulatory approval, and implementation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): June 2019
                Volume: 25
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 1127-1135
                Affiliations
                [1]National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Beijing, China (J. Yu, Y. Xiao, Z. Xiang, H. Zhou, L. Chen, L. Ren, J. Wang);
                [2]Institute of Pathogen Biology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J. Yu, Y. Xiao, Z. Xiang, H. Zhou, L. Chen, L. Ren, J. Wang);
                [3]Capital Medical University Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing (C. Liu, K. Shen, Z. Xie)
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Jianwei Wang, Institute of Pathogen Biology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; email: wangjw28@ 123456163.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: 18-0532
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.180532
                PMC ID: 6537707
                PubMed ID: 31107230
                SO-VID: a419cfe6-cf34-4bee-8944-7e3231fee453
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Subject: Research
                Subject: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality, Beijing, China, 2007–2015

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus,temporal trends,seasonality,epidemiology,etiology,viruses,china,respiratory infections,pneumonia,children,pediatric population,season,rsv-a,rsv-b
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus, temporal trends, seasonality, epidemiology, etiology, viruses, china, respiratory infections, pneumonia, children, pediatric population, season, rsv-a, rsv-b

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