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      Statins—From Fungi to Pharmacy

      , , , , , ,
      International Journal of Molecular Sciences
      MDPI AG

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          Abstract

          Statins have been used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, both as monotherapy and in combination therapy. Natural fermentation processes of fungi such as Monascus spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus terreus, and Pleurotus ostreatus have given rise to natural statins. Compactin (mevastatin), the original naturally occurring statin, is the primary biotransformation substrate in the manufacturing process of marketed drugs. Statins are classified into natural, semi-synthetic derivatives of natural statins, and synthetic ones. Synthetic statins differ from natural statins in their structural composition, with the only common feature being the HMG-CoA-like moiety responsible for suppressing HMG-CoA reductase. Statins do not differ significantly regarding their pleiotropic and adverse effects, but their characteristics depend on their pharmacokinetic parameters and chemical properties. This paper focuses on describing the processes of obtaining natural statins, detailing the pharmacokinetics of available statins, divided into natural and synthetic, and indicating their pleiotropic effects.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          Journal
          IJMCFK
          International Journal of Molecular Sciences
          IJMS
          MDPI AG
          1422-0067
          January 2024
          December 29 2023
          : 25
          : 1
          : 466
          Article
          10.3390/ijms25010466
          10779115
          38203637
          9e737b6b-913d-498e-8244-e0fc35aa641c
          © 2023

          https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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