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      Conserving inequality: How private conservation and property developers ‘fix’ spatial injustice in South Africa

      1 , 2
      Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space
      SAGE Publications

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          Abstract

          In 2016, South Africa launched its National Biodiversity Economy Strategy. This strategy aims to facilitate the development of a ‘wildlife economy’ as a solution to unemployment, loss of biodiversity and rural development. Central to the strategy is the role of private conservation actors, who keenly posit their commercial model as the best way to achieve these objectives. This stands in sharp contrast to recent critiques that suggest that private conservation reinforces structural inequality by denying access to land and perpetuating unjust labour conditions. Using ethnographic data from the South African Lowveld region that includes the Kruger National Park, the paper takes these points further by arguing that a rapidly growing alliance between private conservation and property developers actively conserve inequality by maintaining and even extending spatial injustice in the region. Two popular recent manifestations of this alliance in particular, share block systems that distribute ownership of access to real estate in private reserves and wildlife housing estates, have established new conservation-property linkages that entrench capitalist socioecological fixes. Not only do these initiatives lead to further engrained spatial injustice, we conclude that this conservation-property alliance at the centre of the ‘wildlife economy’ also willingly sacrifices environmental sustainability on the altar of white conservation imaginations and private profit.

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          Justice and the Spatial Imagination

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            To Cull or Not to Cull: Lessons from a Southern African Drought

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              Black matters are spatial matters: Black geographies for the twenty‐first century

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space
                Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space
                SAGE Publications
                2514-8486
                2514-8494
                February 2024
                December 23 2021
                February 2024
                : 7
                : 1
                : 87-103
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Wageningen University, The Netherlands
                [2 ]Wageningen University, The Netherlands University of Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
                Article
                10.1177/25148486211066388
                9b077e9c-5262-4815-8329-57c52de6abfd
                © 2024

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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