Contributors
Laurel Kroo:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-2632
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole:
MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing
– review & editing
Anesta Kothari: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – original draft
Melanie Hannebelle: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Project administrationRole: SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
George Herring: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Thibaut Pollina: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole:
ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
Ray Chang: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole:
Writing – original draft
Dominic Peralta: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
Samhita P. Banavar: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – original draft
Eliott Flaum: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
Hazel Soto-Montoya: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ValidationRole:
Writing – original draft
Hongquan Li: Role: MethodologyRole: Validation
Kyle Combes: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: VisualizationRole: Writing
– original draft
Emma Pan: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: VisualizationRole: Writing
– original draft
Khang Vu: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Software
Kelly Yen: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: Visualization
James Dale: Role: SoftwareRole: Visualization
Patrick Kolbay: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
Simon Ellgas: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
Rebecca Konte: Role: Project administrationRole: Visualization
Rozhin Hajian: Role: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – original draft
Grace Zhong: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Visualization
Noah Jacobs: Role: InvestigationRole: Software
Amit Jain: Role: InvestigationRole: Software
Filip Kober: Role: InvestigationRole: Methodology
Gerry Ayala: Role: Investigation
Quentin Allinne: Role: InvestigationRole: Resources
Nicholas Cucinelli: Role: InvestigationRole: Methodology
Dave Kasper: Role: Investigation
Luca Borroni: Role: Investigation
Patrick Gerber: Role: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: Methodology
Ross Venook: Role: Investigation
Peter Baek: Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
Nitin Arora: Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
Philip Wagner: Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Validation
Roberto Miki: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ValidationRole:
Writing – original draft
Jocelyne Kohn: Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
David Kohn Bitran: Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
John Pearson: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing
– original draft
Beatriz Arias-Arco: Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
Ricardo Larrainzar-Garijo:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-2006
Role: InvestigationRole: Validation
Cristián Muñiz Herrera:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4426-6794
Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: Validation
Manu Prakash:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-8388
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole:
InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing
– original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Jianguo Wang: Role: Editor
Journal
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Journal ID (pmc): plosone
Title:
PLoS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
13
January
2021
Publication date Collection: 2021
Publication date PMC-release: 13
January
2021
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Electronic Location Identifier: e0244422
Affiliations
[1
]
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
of America
[2
]
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of
America
[3
]
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), School of Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
[4
]
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
[5
]
Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
of America
[6
]
Stellar Design LLC, San Mateo, CA, United States of America
[7
]
Stanford University, Biophysics Program, Stanford, CA, United States of America
[8
]
Olin College of Engineering, Needham, MA, United States of America
[9
]
Deakin College, Australia
[10
]
Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
of America
[11
]
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
of America
[12
]
Waymo, Mountain View, CA, United States of America
[13
]
Department of Applied Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
of America
[14
]
Mountain View, CA, United States of America
[15
]
Independent Contributor, Italy
[16
]
Wildhorn Outfitters, Draper, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
[17
]
Decathlon (Subea), Product Engineer, Hendaye, France
[18
]
University of Michigan, Entrepreneurial Leadership Faculty, Ann Arbor, MI, United
States of America
[19
]
iSnorkel Inc, Dexter, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
[20
]
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Safety, Prevention and Health Domain,
Lausanne, Switzerland
[21
]
U.S. Anesthesia Partners Texas, Dallas, TX, United States of America
[22
]
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
[23
]
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, NY, United States of America
[24
]
Miki & Alfonso Hand & Upper Extremity Center, Miami, FL, United States of America
[25
]
Instituto de Oftalmologia, Ophthalmologist, Santiago, Chile
[26
]
Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
[27
]
Anesthesiologist, Santiago, Chile
China University of Mining and Technology, CHINA
Author notes
Competing Interests: Schmidt Futures, Moore Foundation, Autodesk and CZ BioHub provided financial support
of the project. Authors Gerry Ayala (Wildhorn Outfitters), Quentin Allinne (Subea
Decathlon), and Dave Kasper (iSnorkel Inc) have company affiliations with snorkel-mask
manufacturers or distributors. They consulted on original designs of these masks,
and in some cases to help with adapter design strategy. None of the scientific data
included in this report, nor the conclusions of this report were written or substantially
influenced by these co-authors. John Pearson has a conflict of interest as a stake
holder in a for-profit entity focused on snorkel based PPE (True Health). Patrick
Kolbay is volunteering his time at this company. Stellar Design and Waymo provided
support in the form of salaries for authors DP and SE. We certify that none of the
other authors have any affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity
with any financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
None of the other authors (beyond what is listed above) have any affiliations with
John Pearson's company. There are no patents, products in development or marketed
products associated with this research to declare. This does not alter our adherence
to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-20-25634
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244422
PMC ID: 7806161
PubMed ID: 33439902
SO-VID: 972876af-c106-4031-8726-cd12b4354d94
Copyright © © 2021 Kroo et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
History
Date
received
: 22
August
2020
Date
accepted
: 9
December
2020
Page count
Figures: 7,
Tables: 0,
Pages: 18
Funding
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000936, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation;
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-8388
Manu Prakash
Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004675, Autodesk;
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-8388
Manu Prakash
Funded by: Schmidt Foundation
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-8388
Manu Prakash
MP thanks Schmidt Futures, Moore Foundation, Autodesk and CZ BioHub for financial
support of the project. Stellar Design, Waymo, Wildhorn Outfitters, Decathlon, and
iSnorkel Inc. provided support in the form of salaries for authors DP, SE, GA, QA,
and DK, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific
roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.
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