Sustainable Utilization of Biowaste Resources for Biogas Production to Meet Rural Bioenergy Requirements

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Abstract

Since the impending warning of fossil fuel inadequacy, researchers’ focus has shifted to alternative fuel generation. This resulted in the use of a wide variety of renewable biomass sources for making biofuels. Biofuels made from biomass are seen as the most promising long-term strategy for addressing issues associated with conventional energy sources, atypical climate change, and greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrocarbons may be efficiently extracted from biomass, which contains a lot of sugars. Biofuels including bioethanol, biodiesel, biohydrogen, and biogas can be produced from biomass for widespread usage in transportation, industry, and households. In recent years, there have been numerous reports of breakthroughs in the manufacturing of biofuels and biogas. This paper examines the big picture of biogas generation, with an emphasis on the many forms of biomass utilization in both commercial and residential settings in rural areas.

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Defining the biomethane potential (BMP) of solid organic wastes and energy crops: a proposed protocol for batch assays.

I Angelidaki, Zélia Alves, D Bolzonella … (2009)

The application of anaerobic digestion technology is growing worldwide because of its economic and environmental benefits. As a consequence, a number of studies and research activities dealing with the determination of the biogas potential of solid organic substrates have been carrying out in the recent years. Therefore, it is of particular importance to define a protocol for the determination of the ultimate methane potential for a given solid substrates. In fact, this parameter determines, to a certain extent, both design and economic details of a biogas plant. Furthermore, the definition of common units to be used in anaerobic assays is increasingly requested from the scientific and engineering community. This paper presents some guidelines for biomethane potential assays prepared by the Task Group for the Anaerobic Biodegradation, Activity and Inhibition Assays of the Anaerobic Digestion Specialist Group of the International Water Association. This is the first step for the definition of a standard protocol.

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A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities.

Rajeev Ravindran, Amit Jaiswal (2016)

Lignocellulose is a generic term used to describe plant biomass. It is the most abundant renewable carbon resource in the world and is mainly composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses. Most of the food and food processing industry waste are lignocellulosic in nature with a global estimate of up to 1.3 billion tons/year. Lignocellulose, on hydrolysis, releases reducing sugars which is used for the production of bioethanol, biogas, organic acids, enzymes and biosorbents. However, structural conformation, high lignin content and crystalline cellulose hinder its use for value addition. Pre-treatment strategies facilitate the exposure of more cellulose and hemicelluloses for enzymatic hydrolysis. The present article confers about the structure of lignocellulose and how it influences enzymatic degradation emphasising the need for pre-treatments along with a comprehensive analysis and categorisation of the same. Finally, this article concludes with a detailed discussion on microbial/enzymatic inhibitors that arise post pre-treatment and strategies to eliminate them.