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      Call for Papers: Sex and Gender in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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      About Neurodegenerative Diseases: 3.0 Impact Factor I 4.3 CiteScore I 0.695 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Depression following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

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          Abstract

          Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of depression following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and identify risk factors associated with depression. Methods: This population-based cohort study followed individuals from date of SCI to 6 years after injury. Administrative data from a Canadian province with a universal publicly funded health care system and centralized databases were used. A Cox proportional hazards model was developed to identify risk factors. Results: Of 201 patients with SCI, 58 (28.9%) were treated for depression. Individuals at highest risk were those with a pre-injury history of depression [hazard rate ratio (HRR) 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.3], a history of substance abuse (HRR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.3) or permanent neurological deficit (HRR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.1). Conclusion: Depression occurs commonly and early in persons who sustain an SCI. Both patient and injury factors are associated with the development of depression. These should be used to target patients for mental health assessment and services during initial hospitalization and following discharge into the community.

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          Utilization of health services following spinal cord injury: a 6-year follow-up study.

          James B. Rowe, D Dryden, Karen Svenson … (2004)
          Cohort study with 6-years follow-up. To describe the utilization of health services by persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and compare it with that of the general population. Alberta, Canada. All persons who sustained an SCI in Alberta between April 1992 and March 1994 were followed from date of injury to 6 years postinjury. Cases were matched (1:5) with controls randomly selected from the general population and matched for age, gender, and region of residence. Administrative data from centralized health care databases were compiled to provide a complete picture of health care use, including hospitalizations, physician contacts, long-term care admissions, home care services, and the occurrence of secondary complications. In all, 233 individuals with SCI and 1165 matched controls were followed for 6 years. Compared with the control group, persons with SCI were rehospitalized 2.6 times more often, spent 3.3 more days in hospital, were 2.7 times more likely to have a physician contact, and required 30 times more hours of home care services. Of those with SCI, 47.6% were treated for a urinary tract infection, 33.8% for pneumonia, 27.5% for depression, and 19.7% for decubitus ulcer. SCI places a heavy burden on the health care system. Persons with SCI have greater rates of contact with the health system compared with the general population. Secondary complications continue to affect persons with SCI long after the acute trauma.
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            Anxiety and depression after spinal cord injury: a longitudinal analysis.

            Geraint B Rogers, E. Kennedy (2000)
            To examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression longitudinally in a sample of patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI). A prospective, longitudinal, multiple wave panel design with measures taken on 14 observational periods ranging from initial contact in the acute stages of hospitalization to 2 years' postdischarge to the community. The National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK, and the general community. The cohort consisted of 104 patients with traumatic SCI (19 women, 85 men), although the numbers assessed at each interval ranged from 5 to 85. Measures included the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Hopelessness scale, the State Anxiety Inventory, the functional independence measure, and the Social Support Questionnaire. When examined longitudinally, the data illustrate a consistent pattern of results across measures, with scores highest in the acute phase of the injury and during the months leading up to discharge. The numbers of persons scoring above clinical cut-off scores for anxiety and depression highlight the need to continue to ensure that appropriate psychological care is available within SCI rehabilitation settings. Moreover, the nature of the longitudinal results provides an indicator of subtle changes in anxiety and depression over time.
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              Depression following spinal cord injury.

              Timothy R. Elliott, Robert Frank (1996)
              Although depression has been widely studied among persons with spinal cord injury, the ubiquitous and unsophisticated use of the term and presumptions about its manifestations in the rehabilitation setting have needlessly encumbered the understanding and treatment of depression. Major themes and issues in the study, measurement, and treatment of depression among persons with spinal cord injury are reviewed. Greater precision is recommended in distinguishing diagnosable depression from displays of negative affect, anxiety, distress, and dysphoria. Correlates of depressive behavior among persons with SCI are surveyed, and guidelines for research and practice in the SCI setting are explicated.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NED
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neuroepidemiology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0251-5350
                Title: Neuroepidemiology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0251-5350
                ISSN (Electronic): 1423-0208
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2005
                Publication date (Print): July 2005
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 July 2005
                Volume: 25
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 55-61
                Affiliations
                aBritish Columbia Rural and Remote Health Research Institute, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Departments of bPublic Health Sciences, cEmergency Medicine, dPhysical Therapy, and eEarth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, fHealth Surveillance Branch, Alberta Health and Wellness, Edmonton, gDepartment of Community Health Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
                Article
                Publisher ID: 86284 Other ID: Neuroepidemiology 2005;25:55–61
                DOI: 10.1159/000086284
                PubMed ID: 15947491
                SO-VID: 960f33c5-63c2-41d6-824f-8be56499c1aa
                Copyright © © 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Tables: 3, References: 40, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Original Paper

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
                Keywords: Administrative data,Spinal cord injury,Depression
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Geriatric medicine, Neurology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Neurosciences, Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry, Public health
                Keywords: Administrative data, Spinal cord injury, Depression

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